COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) 2023/2866
of 15 December 2023
implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/631 of the European Parliament and of the Council by determining the procedures for performing the verification of the CO
2
emission and fuel consumption values of passenger cars and light commercial vehicles in-service (in-service verification)
Article 1
Subject matter and scope
Article 2
Definitions
Article 3
Selection of in-service verification families
Article 4
Type and number of in-service verification tests
Article 5
Selection of individual test vehicles
Article 6
Test conditions for chassis dynamometer tests
Article 7
Chassis dynamometer test result of an individual test vehicle
Article 8
Statistical evaluation of chassis dynamometer test results and calculation of the size of the deviation
Article 9
Test conditions for road load tests
Article 10
Road load test result of an individual test vehicle
Article 11
Statistical evaluation of road load test results and calculation of the size of the deviation
Article 12
Test conditions for artificial strategies tests
Article 13
Evaluation of artificial strategies test results and calculation of the size of the deviation
Article 14
Test report
Article 15
Conclusions of the granting type-approval authority
Article 16
Correction of the average specific emissions of CO
2
of a manufacturer
Article 17
Review
Article 18
Entry into force
ANNEX I
Statistical evaluation of chassis dynamometer and road load test results
(1)
Starting point
(2)
Statistical parameters
(3)
Evaluation
Number of vehicles tested |
tP |
tF |
3 |
2,2655 |
Highest value of 1,1062 and (0,02 /s)(1) |
4 |
1,5093 |
0,5970 |
5 |
1,1230 |
0,3737 |
6 |
0,8196 |
0,2430 |
7 |
0,5944 |
0,1548 |
8 |
0,3866 |
0,0902 |
9 |
0,1873 |
0,0402 |
10 |
0,0000 |
0,0000 |
(4)
Calculation of the size of the deviation
ANNEX II
Checklist for vehicles selected for in-service verification tests
(1)
Vehicle Characteristics
1.1. The following information shall be recorded and included in the test report:
1.1.1. |
VIN: |
CONFIDENTIAL |
1.1.2. |
Mileage: |
|
1.1.3. |
Date of first registration: |
|
1.1.4. |
TAN (whole vehicle type-approval number): |
|
1.1.5. |
Emissions type-approval number: |
|
1.1.6. |
VFN (vehicle interpolation family identifier): |
|
1.1.7. |
Road load family identifier: |
|
1.1.8. |
Tyre manufacturer’s name, type and Tyre Identification Number (when available) |
|
1.2. The following exclusion criteria shall be checked:
|
|
Yes / No |
1.2.1. |
Mileage: Is the mileage lower than 3 000 km or higher than 100 000 km? |
|
1.2.2. |
Date of first registration: Is that date more than 5 years prior to the date of vehicle selection? |
|
(2)
Vehicle Owner/User Interview
2.1. The following information shall be recorded:
2.1.1. |
Name of the owner |
CONFIDENTIAL |
2.1.2. |
Contact (address / telephone) |
CONFIDENTIAL |
2.2. The following exclusion criteria shall be checked:
|
Unauthorized use of the vehicle |
Yes / No |
2.2.1. |
Has the vehicle carried heavy loads over the specifications of the manufacturer? |
|
2.2.2. |
Was the vehicle used for racing or motor sports? |
|
2.2.3. |
Was the vehicle driven in a non-EU Member State for more than 10 % of driving time? |
|
2.2.4. |
Has the vehicle ever been used with a wrong fuel type (e.g. gasoline instead of diesel) or with non-commercially available EU-quality fuel (black market, or blended fuel)? |
|
2.2.5. |
Has a fuel additive, not approved by the manufacturer, been used? |
|
|
Unauthorized repairs |
|
2.2.6. |
Has the vehicle been maintained not in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions? |
|
2.2.7. |
Have there been unauthorised major engine or vehicle repairs? |
|
2.2.8. |
Was the vehicle involved in a serious accident? |
|
|
Unauthorized changes |
|
2.2.9. |
Has there been a power increase/tuning? |
|
2.2.10. |
Was any part of the emissions after-treatment system permanently removed? |
|
2.2.11. |
Were there any unauthorised devices installed (urea killer, emulator, etc.)? |
|
(3)
Vehicle Examination
3.1. The following information shall be included in the test report:
3.1.1. |
Powertrain Control Module calibration part number and checksum |
|
3.1.2. |
OBD diagnosis |
Read Diagnostic Trouble Codes & print error log(1) |
3.1.3. |
OBD Service Mode 09 Query |
Read Service Mode 09 and record the information. |
3.1.4. |
OBD mode 07 |
Read Service Mode 07 and record the information. |
3.1.5. |
Pictures of the tested vehicle including of the underbody |
|
3.2. The following exclusion criteria shall be checked:
|
|
Yes / No |
3.2.1. |
Are there any warning lights on the instrument panel activated indicating a vehicle or exhaust after-treatment system malfunctioning that cannot be resolved by normal maintenance? (Malfunction Indication Light, Engine Service Light, etc?) |
|
3.2.2. |
Are there any aftermarket aerodynamics modification that cannot be removed before testing (Note: roof boxes, load racking, spoilers, etc. can be removed)? Are no standard aerodynamics components missing (front deflectors, diffusers, splitters, etc.)? |
(Exclusion criterion for road load tests only) |
3.3. If the following conditions are not met, the vehicle may still be selected on the condition that appropriate action is taken before performing in-service verification tests:
|
Check to do |
Issue identified and action to be taken |
3.3.1. |
Fuel tank level |
If fuel reserve light ON, refuel before test. |
3.3.2. |
AdBlue |
If SCR light is on after engine-on, the AdBlue should be filled in, or the repair executed before the vehicle is used for testing. |
3.3.3. |
Air filter and oil filter Check for contamination and damage |
If damaged or heavily contaminated or less than 800 km before the next recommended change; change the filters. |
3.3.4. |
Check fluid levels and grade Check the max. and min. levels (engine oil, cooling liquid) |
If below minimum, top up. If different grade, replace. |
3.3.5. |
Ignition cable (gasoline) Check spark plugs, cables, etc. |
In case of damage, replace them. |
3.3.6. |
Service Check if less than 800 km away from next scheduled service |
If yes, then perform the service. |
3.3.7. |
For road load tests ONLY: Check if wheel alignment and if adjustable vehicle height/ground clearance are out of range. |
If yes, adjust wheel alignment and vehicle height/ground clearance to be in range. |
3.3.8. |
For vehicles with mileage above 40 000 km or older than 2 years ONLY |
Replace low voltage battery with a new equivalent battery. |
ANNEX III
Correction of the road load coefficient f
0
Step 1:
Recalculation of f
0
,
CoC
:
Step 2:
Correction of f
0, measured
:
ANNEX IV
Calculation of CO
2, in-service verification
in case the interpolation method was not used
Fuel type |
a |
diesel |
0,009 |
petrol |
0,010 |
liquefied petroleum gas |
0,008 |
natural gas |
0,007 |
ANNEX V
In-service verification test data to be reported
(1)
In-service verification test data to be reported for a chassis dynamometer test or an artificial strategies test
No |
Parameters |
Unit |
Source |
Remarks |
1 |
Other interpolation families that are part of the same in-service verification family |
— |
Point 2.1.1.2.1. of Appendix 8a to Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2017/1151 (first three lines of the table) |
On the basis of the same Type 1 test, meaning the same reported values for ‘measured value’, ‘speed and distance corrected value’, and ‘RCB correction coefficient’ |
2 |
Vehicle number |
— |
— |
Vehicle sequence (1, 2, 3, …10) in the statistical evaluation |
3 |
Total number of vehicles tested |
— |
— |
Total number of vehicles included in the statistical evaluation described in Annex I |
4 |
Road load family or road load matrix family number |
— |
Entry 0.2.3.4 or 0.2.3.5. of certificate of conformity |
Road load or road load matrix family of tested vehicle |
5 |
Emissions type-approval number |
— |
Part of type-approval documentation |
Emissions type-approval number specific for the interpolation family of vehicle tested |
6 |
Whole vehicle type-approval number |
— |
Entry 0.11 of certificate of conformity |
Identifier of the whole vehicle type-approval as defined in Annex IV to Regulation (EU) 2020/683 |
7 |
Equivalent All Electric range (EAER) combined – CoC |
km |
Entry 5.2. of certificate of conformity |
Only in case of OVC-HEVs |
8 |
Total fuel consumed (lifetime) |
l |
Table 1 of the Annex to Implementing Regulation (EU) 2021/392 |
OBFCM data collected from the vehicle |
9 |
Total distance travelled (lifetime) |
km |
idem |
idem |
10 |
Total fuel consumed in charge depleting operation (lifetime) |
l |
idem |
idem, only in case of OVC-HEVs |
11 |
Total fuel consumed in driver-selectable charge increasing operation (lifetime) |
l |
idem |
idem |
12 |
Total distance travelled in charge depleting operation with engine off (lifetime) |
km |
idem |
idem |
13 |
Total distance travelled in charge depleting operation with engine on (lifetime) |
km |
idem |
idem |
14 |
Total distance travelled in driver-selectable charge increasing operation (lifetime) |
km |
idem |
idem |
15 |
Total grid energy into the battery (lifetime) |
kWh |
idem |
idem |
16 |
Chassis dynamometer test result (CO2 ratio) |
— |
Article 7(2); for OVC-HEV: Article 7(3) |
— |
(2)
In-service verification test data to be reported for a road load test
No |
Parameters |
Unit |
Source |
Remarks |
1 |
Road load family or road load matrix family number |
— |
Entry 0.2.3.4 or 0.2.3.5. of certificate of conformity |
|
2 |
Vehicle Interpolation family number |
|
Entry 0.2.3.1. of certificate of conformity |
|
3 |
Other interpolation families that are part of the same road load/road load matrix family |
— |
— |
List all vehicle interpolation family numbers |
4 |
Vehicle number |
— |
— |
Vehicle sequence (1, 2, 3, …10) in the statistical evaluation |
5 |
Total number of vehicles tested |
— |
|
Total number of vehicles included in the statistical evaluation described in Annex I |
6 |
Emissions type-approval number |
— |
Type-approval documentation |
Emissions type-approval number specific for interpolation family of vehicle tested |
7 |
Whole vehicle type-approval number |
— |
Entry 0.11 of certificate of conformity |
— |
8 |
Testing facility (name/location) |
— |
— |
— |
9 |
Vehicle category and class |
— |
— |
M1 or N1 Class 1, 2 or 3 |
10 |
Vehicle mileage |
km |
— |
Vehicle odometer reading before road load test |
11 |
Test method |
— |
Annex B4 to UN Regulation No 154 |
On-road coast-down/ on-road torque meter/ wind tunnel flat belt/ wind tunnel chassis dynamometer |
12 |
Declared road load coefficient f0 |
N |
Entry 47.1.3. of certificate of conformity |
|
13 |
Declared road load coefficient f1 |
N/(km/h) |
Entry 47.1.3. of certificate of conformity |
|
14 |
Declared road load coefficient f2 |
N/(km/h)2 |
Entry 47.1.3. of certificate of conformity |
|
15 |
Declared test mass |
kg |
Entry 47.1.1. of certificate of conformity |
|
16 |
Declared cycle energy demand (CED) |
kJ |
Point 3.2.3.2.3. of Annex B7 to UN Regulation No 154 |
Cycle energy demand over a complete applicable WLTC Class cycle used to interpolate CO2 emission of tested vehicle |
17 |
Declared CO2 emission |
g/km |
Entry 49.4. of certificate of conformity |
CO2 emission value of tested vehicle; in case of OVC-HEVs: the combined charge sustaining CO2 emission value |
18 |
Tyre size designation (front/rear) |
— |
— |
Tyre code (e.g. P195/55R1685H) of tyres of the test vehicle |
19 |
Declared tyre rolling resistance class (front/rear) |
— |
Entry 35 of certificate of conformity |
|
20 |
Tyre rolling resistance class (front/rear) |
— |
— |
Rolling resistance class of the tyre used for road load test or, in case of below class A tyres, the actual rolling resistance. |
22 |
Average temperature |
°C |
— |
Average temperature measured during road load test; only in case of on-road tests |
23 |
Average wind speed |
m/s |
— |
Average wind speed measured during road load test; only in case of on-road tests |
24 |
Average air pressure |
kPa |
— |
Average air pressure measured during road load test; only in case of on-road tests |
25 |
Average mass of the vehicle |
kg |
Entry 4.2.1.6. of Annex B4 to UN Regulation No 154 |
Average mass of tested vehicle measured before and after the road load determination procedure |
26 |
Final measured road load coefficient f0 |
N |
Annex B4 to UN Regulation No 154 |
Final road load coefficient f0 of tested vehicle after all corrections |
27 |
Final measured road load coefficient f1 |
N/(km/h) |
Annex B4 to UN Regulation No 154 |
Final road load coefficient f1 of tested vehicle after all corrections |
28 |
Final measured road load coefficient f2 |
N/(km/h)2 |
Annex B4 to UN Regulation No 154 |
Final road load coefficient f2 of tested vehicle after all corrections |
29 |
Test mass |
kg |
Article 9(2) |
|
30 |
Final measured cycle energy demand (CED) |
kJ |
3.2.3.2.3. of Annex B7 to UN Regulation No 154 |
Cycle energy demand over a complete applicable WLTC cycle calculated from measured road load coefficients and test mass (entries 26 to 29) |
31 |
Calculated CO2 emission value (CO2, in-service verification) |
g/km |
Article 10(1) |
|
32 |
Road load test result (CO2 ratio) |
— |
Article 10(4) |
|
ANNEX VI
Reporting format for the in-service verification annual overview
A. General information
(1) |
Granting type-approval authority |
|
(2) |
Date of annual overview |
|
(3) |
Year concerned |
|
(4) |
Total number of in-service verification families for which the authority has issued emissions type-approvals in the three calendar years preceding the in-service verification |
|
(5) |
Minimum number of in-service verification families to be tested (= 3 % of point (4)) |
|
(6) |
Total number of in-service verification families tested in the year concerned |
|
B. List of the in-service verification families selected for testing
ISV ID |
OEM |
Vehicle interpolation family identifiers (IP ID) |
Reason |
1 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
… |
|
|
|
C. Summary of in-service verification test results
Type of test |
Min. |
Total |
Pass |
Fail |
Pending |
CDM test (75 %) |
|
|
|
|
|
RL test (50 %) |
|
|
|
|
|
AS test (25 %) |
|
|
|
|
|
D. Detailed in-service verification test results for the year concerned
ISV ID |
OEM |
Type of test |
Start date |
GTAA/TS |
# vehicles |
CO2,ratio |
Conclusion/Deviation |
Test ref. |
Conclusion ref. |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
… |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Detailed in-service verification test results, for which conclusions were reported as ‘Pending’ in the previous annual overview
Year concerned |
ISV ID |
OEM |
Type of test |
Start date |
GTAA/TS |
# vehicles |
CO2,ratio |
Conclusion/Deviation |
Test ref. |
Conclusion ref. |
… |
… |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|