COMMISSION DECISION (EU) 2019/62
of 19 December 2018
on the sectoral reference document on best environmental management practices, sector environmental performance indicators and benchmarks of excellence for the car manufacturing sector under Regulation (EC) No 1221/2009 on the voluntary participation by organisations in a Community eco-management and audit scheme (EMAS)
(Text with EEA relevance)
Article 1
Article 2
ANNEX
1.
INTRODUCTION
Relevant legal background
How to understand and use this document
How SRDs should be taken into account by EMAS-registered organisations:
Structure of the sectoral reference document
2.
SCOPE
Figure 1
Overview of activities in the automotive manufacturing value chain
Main environmental aspect |
Related environmental pressure |
BEMPs |
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Energy/climate change |
Resources/waste |
Water |
Emissions |
Biodiversity |
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Supply chain management |
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BEMPs on supply chain management (Section 3.6) |
Engineering and design |
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BEMP on design for sustainability (Section 3.6.3) BEMP on remanufacturing of components (Section 3.7.1) |
Manufacturing and assembly stage |
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Press shop |
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Reference to the BEMPs for the Fabricated Metal Products manufacturing sector(8) BEMPs for environmental, energy, waste, water and biodiversity management (Sections 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5) |
Body-in-white |
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BEMPs for environmental, energy, waste, water and biodiversity management (Sections 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5) |
Paint shop |
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Reference to BAT in BREFs for STS, STM |
Manufacture of powertrain and chassis |
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Reference to the BEMPs for the Fabricated Metal Products manufacturing sector BEMPs for environmental, energy, waste, water and biodiversity management (Sections 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5) |
Manufacture of other components |
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Reference to BAT in BREFs for FMP, SF, IS, TAN, GLS, POL, TXT etc. Reference to the BEMPs for the EEE manufacturing sector(9) |
Assembly lines |
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BEMPs for environmental, energy, waste, water and biodiversity management (Sections 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5) |
Plant infrastructure |
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BEMPs for environmental, energy, waste, water and biodiversity management (Sections 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5) |
Use phase |
Out of scope, see Figure 1 |
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End-of-life Vehicles (ELVs) stage |
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Depollution |
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Reference to Directives 2000/53/EC and 2006/66/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council(10) BEMP on implementing an advanced environmental management system (Section 3.1.1) BEMP on enhanced depollution of vehicles (Section 4.2.1) |
Salvage and reuse |
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Directives 2000/53/EC and 2006/66/EC (see references above) BEMP on implementing an advanced environmental management system (Section 3.1.1) BEMP on component and material take-back networks (Section 4.1.1) |
Dismantling and recycling of components |
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Directives 2000/53/EC and 2006/66/EC (see references above) BEMP on implementing an advanced environmental management system (Section 3.1.1) BEMP on plastic and composite parts (Section 4.2.2) |
Post-shredder treatment |
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Out of scope (Reference to BAT in the BREF for WT), see Figure 1 |
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Area |
Key aspect |
Stakeholders |
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OEMs(11) |
Tier 1 suppliers |
Tier 2 & other suppliers |
Remanufacturers |
ATFs(12) |
Shredders |
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MANUFACTURING |
CROSS CUTTING MANUFACTURING |
Environmental management |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
(x) |
Energy management |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
(x) |
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Waste management |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
(x) |
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Water management |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
(x) |
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Biodiversity |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
(x) |
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SUPPLY CHAIN, DESIGN, AND REMANUFACTURING |
Supply Chain Management, logistics and design |
X |
X |
X |
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Remanufacturing |
(x) |
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X |
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END OF LIFE VEHICLE HANDLING |
ELV logistics |
Collection |
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(x) |
X |
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ELV treatment |
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X |
(x) |
3.
BEST ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES, SECTOR ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE INDICATORS AND BENCHMARKS OF EXCELLENCE FOR THE CAR MANUFACTURING SECTOR
3.1.
BEMPs for environmental management
3.1.1.
Implementing an advanced environmental management system
Applicability
Associated environmental performance indicators and benchmarks of excellence
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmark of excellence |
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3.2.
BEMPs for energy management
3.2.1.
Implementing detailed energy monitoring and management systems
Applicability
Associated environmental performance indicators and benchmarks of excellence
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.2.2.
Increasing the efficiency of energy-using processes
Applicability
Associated environmental performance indicators and benchmarks of excellence
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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— |
3.2.3.
Renewable and alternative energy use
Applicability
Associated environmental performance indicators and benchmarks of excellence
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.2.4.
Optimisation of lighting in automotive manufacturing plants
Applicability
Associated environmental performance indicators and benchmarks of excellence
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.2.5.
Rational and efficient use of compressed air
Applicability
Associated environmental performance indicators and benchmarks of excellence
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.2.6.
Optimisation of electric motor usage
Applicability
Associated environmental performance indicators and benchmarks of excellence
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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— |
3.3.
BEMPs for waste management
3.3.1.
Waste prevention and management
Applicability
Associated environmental performance indicators and benchmarks of excellence
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.4.
BEMPs for water management
3.4.1.
Water use strategy and management
Applicability
Associated environmental performance indicators and benchmarks of excellence
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.4.2.
Water-saving opportunities in automotive plants
Applicability
Associated environmental performance indicators and benchmarks of excellence
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.4.3.
Water recycling and rainwater harvesting
Applicability
Associated environmental performance indicators and benchmarks of excellence
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.4.4.
Green roofs for storm water management
Applicability
Associated environmental performance indicators and benchmarks of excellence
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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— |
3.5.
BEMPs for biodiversity management
3.5.1.
Review and strategy of ecosystems and biodiversity management throughout the value chain
Applicability
Associated environmental performance indicators and benchmarks of excellence
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.5.2.
Biodiversity management at site level
Applicability
Associated environmental performance indicators and benchmarks of excellence
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.6.
BEMPs for value chain management and design
3.6.1.
Promoting environmental improvements along the supply chain
Applicability
Associated environmental performance indicators and benchmarks of excellence
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.6.2.
Collaborate with suppliers and customers to reduce packaging
Applicability
Associated environmental performance indicators and benchmarks of excellence
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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— |
3.6.3.
Design for sustainability using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
Applicability
Associated environmental performance indicators and benchmarks of excellence
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.7.
BEMPs for remanufacturing
3.7.1.
General best practices for remanufacturing components
Applicability
Associated environmental performance indicators and benchmarks of excellence
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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4.
BEST ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES, SECTOR ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE INDICATORS AND BENCHMARKS OF EXCELLENCE FOR THE END-OF-LIFE VEHICLE HANDLING SECTOR
4.1.
BEMPs for ELV collection
4.1.1.
Component and material take-back networks
Applicability
Associated environmental performance indicators and benchmarks of excellence
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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4.2.
ELV treatment
4.2.1.
Enhanced depollution of vehicles
Applicability
Associated environmental performance indicators and benchmarks of excellence
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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4.2.2.
General best practices for plastic and composite parts
Applicability
Associated environmental performance indicators and benchmarks of excellence
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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5.
RECOMMENDED SECTOR-SPECIFIC KEY ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
# |
Recommended Indicator |
Common Unit |
Main target group |
Short description |
Recommended minimum level of monitoring |
Related EMAS core indicator(18) |
Benchmark of excellence |
Related Best Environmental management Practice(19) |
CAR MANUFACTURING |
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1 |
Sites with an advanced environmental management system |
% of facilities/operations |
Automotive vehicles, parts and components manufacturers Authorised end-of-life vehicle treatment facilities |
Number of sites with an advanced environmental management system (e.g. EMAS registered or ISO 14001 certified and as described in the BEMP) divided by the total number of sites |
Company level |
Energy efficiency Material efficiency Water Waste Biodiversity Emissions |
An advanced environmental management system is implemented across all production sites globally |
BEMP 3.1.1 |
2 |
Number of facilities with detailed energy monitoring systems |
# of facilities/operations % of facilities/operations |
Automotive vehicles, parts and components manufacturers Authorised end-of-life vehicle treatment facilities |
Number of facilities with adequate energy monitoring systems. This can be also expressed as a share out of the total number of facilities of the company |
Company level |
Energy efficiency |
Specific energy management plans are implemented across all sites Detailed monitoring per process is implemented on-site The plant implements energy management controls, e.g. to switch off areas of the plant during non-productive times for sites with detailed monitoring |
BEMP 3.2.1 |
3 |
Overall energy use per functional unit |
kWh/functional unit/year |
Automotive vehicles, parts and components manufacturers Authorised end-of-life vehicle treatment facilities |
Yearly energy (heat, cold and electricity) used in the production site divided by the functional unit selected (e.g. car vehicles manufactured) |
Company level |
Energy efficiency |
— |
BEMP 3.2.2 |
4 |
Share of production sites assessed for potential and opportunities for use of renewable energy sources |
% |
Automotive vehicles, parts and components manufacturers Authorised end-of-life vehicle treatment facilities |
Production sites assessed for potential and opportunities for use of renewable energy sources divided by the total number of production sites |
Company level |
Emissions |
All production sites are assessed for potential and opportunities for use of renewable energy sources A policy is in place to drive improvement in renewable energy use |
BEMP 3.2.3 |
5 |
Share of site energy use met by renewable energy |
% |
Automotive vehicles, parts and components manufacturers Authorised end-of-life vehicle treatment facilities |
Amount of renewable energy used (including both energy generated onsite or purchased) divided by the total energy used on site. |
Company level |
Emissions |
Energy use is reported on, declaring the share of fossil and non-fossil energy |
BEMP 3.2.3 |
6 |
Energy use of lighting equipment |
kWh/year |
Automotive vehicles, parts and components manufacturers Authorised end-of-life vehicle treatment facilities |
Annual energy use for lighting measured at facility level |
Facility level |
Energy efficiency Emissions |
— |
BEMP 3.2.4 |
7 |
Implementation of improved positioning, energy efficient lighting |
% of lighting areas within a site % of total sites |
Automotive vehicles, parts and components manufacturers Authorised end-of-life vehicle treatment facilities |
Improved positioning and energy-efficient lighting systems are implemented at the facility |
Facility level |
Energy efficiency Emissions |
The most energy efficient lighting solutions appropriate to specific work place requirements are implemented at all sites |
BEMP 3.2.4 |
8 |
Implementation of zonal strategies for lighting |
% of lighting areas within a site % of total sites |
Automotive vehicles, parts and components manufacturers Authorised end-of-life vehicle treatment facilities |
Management of lighting is implemented on a ‘zonal’ basis, i.e. with lighting switched on or off according to requirements and presence in each area of the facility |
Facility level |
Energy efficiency Emissions |
Zoning schemes are introduced in all sites according to best practice levels |
BEMP 3.2.4 |
9 |
Electricity use of the compressed air system per unit of volume at the point of end use |
kWh/Nm3 of delivered compressed air, at the specified operating pressure of the compressed air system |
Automotive vehicles, parts and components manufacturers Authorised end-of-life vehicle treatment facilities |
Electricity used per standard cubic meter of compressed air delivered at the point of end-use at a stated pressure level |
Facility level |
Energy efficiency Emissions |
The compressed air system has an energy use of less than 0,11 kWh/Nm3 for a compressed air system operating at a pressure of approx. 6,5 bars |
BEMP 3.2.5 |
10 |
Share of electric motors with variable speed drives installed |
% |
Automotive vehicles, parts and components manufacturers Authorised end-of-life vehicle treatment facilities |
Number of motors with variable speed drives installed divided by the total number of motors. Alternatively, this indicator can also be calculated by the electric power of the motors with variable speed drives installed divided by the total electric power of all electric motors. |
Facility level |
Energy efficiency Emissions |
— |
BEMP 3.2.6 |
11 |
Waste generation per functional unit |
kg/functional unit |
Automotive vehicles, parts and components manufacturers Authorised end-of-life vehicle treatment facilities |
Total waste generated (i.e. hazardous and non-hazardous) divided by the functional units selected (e.g. car vehicles manufactured) |
Facility level |
Waste |
— |
BEMP 3.2.7 |
12 |
Establishment and implementation of an overarching waste strategy with monitoring and targets for improvements |
Y/N |
Automotive vehicles, parts and components manufacturers Authorised end-of-life vehicle treatment facilities |
A waste management strategy at site level with monitoring and targets for improvements is adopted |
Facility level |
Waste |
Waste management plans introduced [in all sites] |
BEMP 3.3.1 |
13 |
Waste sent to specific streams, including recycling, energy recovery and landfill |
kg/functional unit |
Automotive vehicles, parts and components manufacturers Authorised end-of-life vehicle treatment facilities |
Waste generated is monitored and the different quantities sent for recycling, energy recovery and disposal in landfill are recorded |
Facility level |
Waste |
Zero waste sent to landfill from all production and non-production activities/sites |
BEMP 3.3.1 |
14 |
Water use per functional unit |
L/functional unit |
Automotive vehicles, parts and components manufacturers Authorised end-of-life vehicle treatment facilities |
Total water used at the single facility level divided by the functional units selected (e.g. car vehicles manufactured) |
Facility level |
Water |
Introduction of a water strategy according to a recognised tool, such as the CEO Water Mandate, integrating an assessment of water scarcity Water use on-site is measured per site and per process, optionally using automated software Thresholds for reduction of pollutants in discharged water are set which go beyond minimum legal requirements |
BEMPs 3.4.1, 3.4.2, 3.4.3 |
15 |
Share of operations in existing sites retrofitted with water-saving devices and processes |
% |
Automotive vehicles, parts and components manufacturers Authorised end-of-life vehicle treatment facilities |
Number of operations in existing sites that are retrofitted with water-saving devices and processes out of the total number of operations |
Facility level |
Water |
All new sites are designed with water-saving sanitary devices and retrofitting of water-saving devices is phased in across all existing sites |
BEMP 3.4.2 |
16 |
Share of new sites designed with water-saving devices and processes |
% |
Automotive vehicles, parts and components manufacturers Authorised end-of-life vehicle treatment facilities |
Number of new sites designed with water-saving devices and processes out of the total number of new sites |
Facility level |
Water |
All new sites are designed with water-saving sanitary devices and retrofitting of water-saving devices is phased in across all existing sites |
BEMP 3.4.2 |
17 |
Percentage of total water use met by recycled rain- or wastewater |
% |
Automotive vehicles, parts and components manufacturers Authorised end-of-life vehicle treatment facilities |
Amount of water used in the facility which is water recycled in production processes or rainwater harvested from a rainwater harvesting system |
Facility level |
Water |
Closed loop water recycling is implemented with recovery rate of at least 90 %, where feasible 30 % of water used are met by harvested rainwater, only in regions with sufficient rainfall |
BEMP 3.4.3 |
18 |
Application of methodologies to assess ecosystem services to the value chain |
Y/N % coverage of value chain |
Automotive vehicles, parts and components manufacturers |
An assessment of the ecosystem services to the value chain is applied. Additionally, the share of the value chain for which an assessment of the ecosystem services is applied, can be calculated |
Company level |
Biodiversity |
A high-level ecosystem review across the value chain is conducted, followed by a more detailed ecosystem review in identified high risk areas Strategies to mitigate issues in the identified priority areas of the supply chain are developed, in collaboration with local stakeholders and external experts |
BEMP 3.5.1 |
19 |
Number of projects or collaborations with stakeholders to address biodiversity issues |
# |
Automotive vehicles, parts and components manufacturers Authorised end-of-life vehicle treatment facilities |
The number of different collaboration projects with local stakeholders and experts involved in addressing biodiversity that are in place can be monitored |
Facility level |
Biodiversity |
A comprehensive biodiversity plan is in place to ensure systematic incorporation of biodiversity issues through measurement, monitoring and reporting Cooperation with experts and local stakeholders is in place |
BEMP 3.5.2 |
20 |
Share of Tier 1 (direct) suppliers that comply with required standards according to internal or external audits |
% |
Automotive vehicles, parts and components manufacturers |
Percentage (by number or by value of products purchased) of Tier 1 (direct) suppliers that comply with required standards according to internal or external audits |
Company level |
Energy efficiency Material efficiency Water Waste Biodiversity Emissions |
All major suppliers are required to have an environmental management system in order to qualify for purchasing agreements Environmental criteria are set across all environmental impact areas for purchasing agreements All direct suppliers are sent self-assessment questionnaires and high risk suppliers are audited by third parties Direct supplier development and training is undertaken Enforcement procedures are defined for non-compliance |
BEMP 3.6.1 |
21 |
Packaging waste generation per functional unit |
Kg/functional unit |
Automotive vehicles, parts and components manufacturers |
Packaging waste generated divided by the functional units selected (e.g. car vehicles manufactured) |
Facility level |
Waste |
— |
BEMP 3.6.2 |
22 |
Conducting LCA of the main product lines to support design and development decisions |
Y/N |
Automotive vehicles, parts and components manufacturers |
LCA is carried out on the main product lines to support design and development decisions |
Company level |
Energy efficiency Material efficiency Water Waste Biodiversity Emissions |
LCA is conducted for main product lines according to ISO 14040:2006 standards or equivalent |
BEMP 3.6.3 |
23 |
Improvements in environmental indicators (CO2, energy consumption, pollution, etc.) for new model designs in the main product lines compared to previous model designs |
% |
Automotive vehicles, parts and components manufacturers |
Improvements in environmental indicators (CO2, energy consumption, pollution etc.) are set for new model designs in the main product lines compared to previous model designs. This indicator monitors how much different indicators for the product were improved |
Company level |
Energy efficiency Material efficiency Water Waste Biodiversity Emissions |
Targets are set to ensure continuous improvements in the environmental impacts of new vehicle designs |
BEMP 3.6.3 |
END-OF-LIFE VEHICLE HANDLING |
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24 |
Rate of specific products or materials recuperated through ELV networks |
% (product or material extracted/put on the market) |
Authorised end-of-life vehicle treatment facilities |
Amount of specific products or materials recuperated through ELV networks divided by the total quantity of materials from ELVs processed |
Company level |
Waste Material efficiency |
Collaboration and partnerships are in place with local/national organisations |
BEMP 4.1.1 |
25 |
Adoption of a quality management system |
Y/N |
Authorised end-of-life vehicle treatment facilities |
A certified quality management system is in place in the organisation treating end-of-life vehicles |
Company level |
Waste Material efficiency |
A certified quality management system is in place in the organisation |
BEMP 4.2.1 |
26 |
Installation of a commercial depollution machine or equally performing equipment |
Y/N |
Authorised end-of-life vehicle treatment facilities |
A commercial depollution machine or an equally performing equipment is installed at the facility |
Facility level |
Total annual generation of waste |
— |
BEMP 4.2.1 |
27 |
Consideration of LCA studies to determine optimal material routes according to local factors |
Y/N |
ATFs |
LCA studies are used to determine optimal materials routes (dismantling and recycling of components vs. post-shredder recycling), according to local factors |
Company level |
Energy efficiency Material efficiency Water Waste Biodiversity Emissions |
— |
BEMP 4.2.2 |