COMMISSION DECISION (EU) 2021/2053
of 8 November 2021
on the sectoral reference document on best environmental management practices, environmental performance indicators and benchmarks of excellence for the fabricated metal products manufacturing sector for the purposes of Regulation (EC) No 1221/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council
(Text with EEA relevance)
Article 1
Article 2
ANNEX
1.
INTRODUCTION
2.
SCOPE
Section |
Description |
Main environmental aspects addressed |
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This section encloses practices that provide guidance on how manufacturers can integrate environmental sustainability frameworks into their existing business models and management systems in order to reduce their environmental impacts. |
Site management |
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This set of BEMPs provides guidance on how to improve the overall environmental performance of the supporting processes of the manufacturing plants, such as lighting or ventilation etc. |
Utilities and maintenance |
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This section encloses practices that improve the environmental performance of the core manufacturing operations. |
Industrial processes |
Processes |
Most relevant direct environmental aspects |
Related main environmental pressures |
Supporting processes |
Management, procurement, supply chain management, quality control |
Raw materials Energy Water Consumables Waste: non-hazardous |
.Logistics, handling, storage, packaging |
Raw materials Energy GHG emissions Water Consumables Emissions to air Noise, odour, vibration etc. Land use Biodiversity Waste: non hazardous |
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Emission treatment |
Energy Consumables Emissions to water Emissions to air Noise, Odour, vibration etc. Waste: non-hazardous, hazardous |
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Utilities and maintenance |
Energy Water Consumables Emissions to water Noise, odour, vibration etc. Waste: non hazardous, hazardous Land use Biodiversity |
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Manufacturing processes |
Casting |
Raw materials Energy Waste: hazardous |
Shaping |
Raw materials Energy Noise, odour, vibration etc. Waste: hazardous |
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Metal powder |
Raw materials Energy Noise, odour, vibration etc. Waste: hazardous |
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Heat treatment |
Raw materials Energy Noise, odour, vibration etc. Waste: hazardous GHG gases (including F-gases, e.g. from cooling) |
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Removing |
Raw materials Energy Water Consumables Emissions to water Emissions to air Noise, odour, vibration etc. Waste: non-hazardous |
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Additive processes |
Raw materials Energy Noise, odour, vibration etc. Waste: hazardous, non hazardous |
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Deformation |
Raw materials Energy Noise, odour, vibration etc. Waste: hazardous |
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Joining |
Raw materials Energy Consumables Emissions to air Noise, odour, vibration etc. Waste: non-hazardous |
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Surface treatment |
Raw materials Energy Water Consumables Emissions to water Emissions to air Noise, odour, vibration etc. Waste: non-hazardous, hazardous |
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Assembly |
Energy Consumables Noise, odour, vibration etc. Waste: hazardous |
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Product and infrastructure design |
Product design |
Raw materials Energy Water Consumables Emissions to air |
Infrastructure design (plant level) |
Raw materials Energy Water Consumables Emissions to air Emissions to water Waste: non-hazardous Land use Biodiversity |
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Process design (plant level) |
Raw materials Energy Water Consumables Emissions to air Emissions to water Waste: hazardous, non-hazardous |
Activities |
Most relevant indirect environmental aspects |
Related main environmental pressures |
Upstream activities |
Raw material extraction and metal production |
Raw materials Energy & related GHG emissions Water Consumables Emissions to water Emissions to air |
Tools and equipment production |
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Downstream activities |
Use and service phase |
Raw materials Energy & related GHG emissions Consumables Emissions to air Waste: hazardous, non-hazardous |
End of Life |
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Waste management |
3.
BEST ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES, SECTOR ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE INDICATORS AND BENCHMARKS OF EXCELLENCE FOR THE FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING SECTOR
3.1.
BEMPs for cross cutting issues
3.1.1.
Applying effective methods for environmental management
Applicability
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.1.2.
Collaboration and communication along and across the value chain
Applicability
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.1.3.
Energy management
Applicability
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.1.4.
Environmentally sound and resource efficient management of chemicals
Applicability
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.1.5.
Biodiversity management
Applicability
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.1.6.
Remanufacturing and high quality refurbishment of high value and/or large series products and components
Applicability
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.1.7.
Link to the Reference Documents on Best Available Techniques relevant for fabricated metal product manufacturing companies
Applicability
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
(i23) Consideration of relevant BATs. |
N/A |
3.2.
BEMPs for optimisation of utilities
3.2.1.
Efficient ventilation
Applicability
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.2.2.
Optimal lighting
Applicability
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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N/A |
3.2.3.
Environmental optimisation of cooling systems
Applicability
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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N/A |
3.2.4.
Rational and efficient use of compressed air
Applicability
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.2.5.
Use of renewable energy
Applicability
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.2.6.
Rainwater collection
Applicability
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.3.
BEMPs for manufacturing processes
3.3.1.
Selection of resource efficient metal working fluids
Applicability
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.3.2.
Minimisation of lubricoolant consumption in metal processing
Applicability
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.3.3.
Incremental sheet metal forming as alternative for mould making
Applicability
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.3.4.
Reduction of standby energy use of metal working machines
Applicability
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.3.5.
Maintaining material value for metal residues
Applicability
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.3.6.
Multi directional forging
Applicability
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.3.7.
Hybrid machining as a method to reduce energy use
Applicability
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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3.3.8.
Use of predictive control for paint booth HVAC management
Applicability
Environmental performance indicators |
Benchmarks of excellence |
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4.
RECOMMENDED SECTOR-SPECIFIC KEY ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
Indicator |
Common units |
Main target group |
Short description |
Recommended minimum level of monitoring |
Related EMAS core indicator (14) |
Benchmark of excellence |
Related BEMP (15) |
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BEMPs for cross cutting issues |
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Resource efficiency |
kg finished products/kg input materials |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
Amount of finished manufactured products divided by the amount of input materials required for the manufacturing of finished products. The results of this indicator can help the application of approaches such as life cycle thinking, lean management and circular economy to assess the potential for environmental improvements in the manufacturing of existing or new metal products. |
Site |
Material efficiency |
Systematic consideration of life cycle thinking, lean management and circular economy in all strategic decisions making. |
3.1.1, 3.3.3, 3.3.6, 3.3.7 |
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Mapping of material flows and their environmental relevance |
Y/N |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
This indicator refers to the mapping of all the flows of the materials used for the manufacturing of metal products in order to realise their environmental relevance. |
Facility |
Material efficiency |
New products development are assessed for environmental improvements. |
3.1.1 |
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Percentage of goods and services which are environmentally certified or with a verified reduced environmental impact. |
% |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
Number of manufactured products or provided services with a verified reduced environmental impact divided by the total number of manufactured products or provided services. |
Facility |
Material efficiency |
All purchased goods and services meet environmental criteria established by the company. |
3.1.2 |
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Use of by-products, residual energy or other resources from other companies. |
kg materials from other companies/kg total input; MJ energy recovered from other companies/MJ total energy use |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
This indicator refers to the amount of used by-products or residual energy from other companies for the manufacturing of products or parts, divided by the total amount or energy inputs. |
Company |
Material efficiency |
Collaboration with other organisations to use energy and resources more efficiently at systemic level. |
3.1.2 |
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Systematic stakeholder involvement with a focus on improved environmental performance |
Y/N |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
This indicator refers to whether the involvement of stakeholders across the value chain in the development process of new products or parts with improved environmental performance is taking place systematically. |
Company |
Material efficiency |
Structural engagement of stakeholders in the development of more environmentally friendly products. |
3.1.2 |
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Energy monitoring system at process level |
Y/N |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
This indicator refers to the implementation of a systematic and detailed energy monitoring across manufacturing sites at process level. |
Site |
Energy efficiency |
Continuous energy monitoring at process level is implemented and driving energy efficiency improvements |
3.1.3 |
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For individual chemicals used, amount of chemical applied and its classification according to Regulation (EC) 1272/2008 (CLP Regulation) |
kg/kg finished product or manufactured part |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
Total amount of individual chemicals used in the manufacturing processes divided by the amount of finished product or manufactured part. The use of chemicals is reviewed periodically to explore substitution opportunities and chemicals are classified according to 1272/2008 EC CLP Regulation. |
Site |
Material efficiency |
Regular (at least once a year) review the use of chemicals to minimise their use and explore opportunities for substitution |
3.1.4 |
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Implementation of a site biodiversity action plan in all manufacturing facilities |
Y/N |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
This indicator refers to whether all manufacturing facilities have in place a biodiversity action plan for the site. |
Site |
Biodiversity |
A biodiversity action plan is developed and implemented for all relevant sites (including manufacturing sites) to protect and enhance the local biodiversity |
3.1.5 |
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Avoided greenhouse gas emissions associated with remanufacturing/refurbishing a product compared to producing a new one, specifying if scope 1, 2 and/or 3 are included |
GHG emissions remanufacturing/refurbishing/CO2 equivalent emissions new product |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
Greenhouse gas emissions associated with remanufacturing or refurbishment of a product divided by the carbon dioxide equivalent emissions generated from the development of a new product. This indicator includes scope 1, 2 and 3 greenhouse gas-emissions. |
Site |
Emissions |
The company is offering remanufactured/refurbished products with LCA verified proven environmental benefits |
3.1.6 |
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BEMPs for optimisation of utilities |
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Demand driven ventilation system |
Y/N |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
This indicator refers to the installation and operation of demand driven ventilation systems in the manufacturing facilities. |
Facility |
Energy efficiency |
Demand driven ventilation is implemented to reduce HVAC energy use |
3.2.1 |
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Effective air volume extracted from the building |
m3/hour m3/shift m3/production batch |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
Air volume extracted from the building per hour OR per shift OR per production batch |
Site |
Energy efficiency |
N/A |
3.2.1 |
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Energy use of lighting equipment |
kWh/year/m2 of lighted floor |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
Energy use of the installed lighting equipment in the manufacturing facility divided by the surface of the lighted floor of the manufacturing facility per year. |
Facility |
Energy efficiency |
N/A |
3.2.2 |
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Energy use for cooling |
kWh/year kWh/kg finished product or manufactured part |
Fabricated metal products manufactur,rs |
Energy use of the cooling system in the manufacturing facility per year OR divided by the amount of finished product or manufactured part |
Facility |
Energy efficiency |
N/A |
3.2.3 |
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Water use for cooling (tap water/rain water/surface water) |
m3/year |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
Volume of water used by the cooling system in the manufacturing facility per year. The type of water should also be reported, e.g. tap/rain water. |
Facility |
Water |
N/A |
3.2.3 |
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Electricity use per standard cubic meter of compressed air delivered at the point of end-use at a stated pressure level |
kWh/m3 |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
Electricity use of the compressed air system (including the energy use of the compressors, dryers and secondary drives) per standard cubic metre of compressed air delivered, at a stated pressure level. |
Facility |
Energy efficiency |
The electricity use of the compressed air system is lower than 0,11 kWh/m3 of delivered compressed air, for large installations working at 6,5 bars effective, with volume flow normalized on 1 013 mbar and 20 °C, and pressure deviations not exceeding 0,2 bars effective. |
3.2.4 |
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Air leakage index |
Number |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
The Air Leakage Index is calculated when all air consumers are switched off as the sum for each of the compressors of the time it runs multiplied by the capacity of that compressor, divided by the total standby time and the total rated capacity of the compressors in the system, and it is expressed as:
where: ti(cr) is the time (min) during which a compressor runs when all air consumers are switched off (standby of the compressed air system); Ci(cr) is the capacity (Nl/min) of the compressor that switches on for the time ti(cr) while all air consumers are switched off; t(sb) is the total time (min) during which the installed compressed air equipment is in standby mode; C(tot) is sum of the rated capacity (Nl/min) of all the compressors in the compressed air system. |
Facility |
Energy efficiency |
After all air consumers are switched off, the network pressure remains stable and the compressors (on standby) do not switch to load condition. |
3.2.4 |
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Share of electricity from renewable sources (self-generated or purchased) out of the total electricity use |
% |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
Electricity from renewable sources either self-generated or purchased divided by the total electricity use within the site. Purchased renewable electricity, it is only accounted for in this indicator if verified as additional (i.e. not already accounted for by another organisation or in the electricity mix of the grid). |
Site |
Energy efficiency |
All electricity use is met by self-generated renewable energy or purchased verified renewable electricity via a long-term power purchasing agreement. |
3.2.5 |
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Share of heat from renewable sources out of the total heat use |
% |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
Heat from renewable sources (e.g. solar thermal, geothermal, heat pumps, waste based biomass and biogas, renewable electricity, preferably generated locally as part of self-generation or a renewable community based approach) divided by the total use of heat by the site. |
Site |
Energy efficiency |
The use of renewable heat generated on-site is integrated in suitable manufacturing processes. |
3.2.5 |
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Share of rainwater consumption on total water consumption |
% |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
Total volume of rainwater consumed for on-site or ancillary processes divided by the total volume of water consumed for on-site or anciliary process in the manufacturing sites. |
Site |
Water |
Rainwater is collected and used as process water in manufacturing and ancillary processes |
3.2.6 |
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BEMPs for manufacturing processes |
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Total amount of metal working fluids purchased per year |
Kg/year L/year |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
Amount of metal working fluids used in the manufacturing processes of the manufacturing site per year. |
Site |
Material efficiency |
The company achieves continuous (i.e. year-on-year) improvement in environmental performance as reflected by an improvement in, at least, the following indicators: – energy use per manufactured product; – resource efficiency; – consumption of metal working fluids per manufactured product. |
3.3.1 |
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Consumption of metal working fluids per manufactured product |
kg (or l)/kg finished product or manufactured part |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
Amount of metal working fluids consumed in the manufacturing processes divided by the amount of finished products or manufactured parts. |
Site |
Material efficiency |
The company achieves continuous (i.e. year-on-year) improvement in environmental performance as reflected by an improvement in, at least, the following indicators:
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3.3.1 |
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Consumption of lubricoolants per processed part |
L/manufactured part |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
Volume of lubricoolants consumed in the manufacturing processes/operations per manufactured part. |
Site |
Material efficiency |
The company achieves continuous (i.e. year-on-year) improvement in environmental performance as reflected by an improvement in, at least, the following indicators:
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3.3.2 |
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Energy use |
kWh/kg finished product or manufactured part |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
Energy use in the manufacturing facility for the manufacturing of products or parts divided by the amount of finished product or manufactured part. |
Facility |
Energy efficiency |
The company achieves continuous (i.e. year-on-year) improvement in environmental performance as reflected by an improvement in, at least, the following indicators:
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3.1.3, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.7 |
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For individual relevant machines: total energy use per machine during downtime |
kWh/hour |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
Amount of energy used by the machines during downtime per hour. |
Facility |
Energy efficiency |
All metal working machines have either a green standby mode or a label indicating when they should be manually switched off |
3.3.4 |
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Oil recovered |
L oil/year |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
Volume of cutting oils recovered from the manufacturing processes per year. |
Facility |
Material efficiency |
Turning chips and grinding swarf have oil/moisture content respectively lower than 2 % then 8 % |
3.3.5 |
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Total energy required for the forging process |
kWh/kg finished product or manufactured part |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
Total energy required for the forging process divided by the amount of finished product or manufactured part. |
Facility |
Material efficiency |
The company achieves continuous (i.e. year-on-year) improvement in environmental performance as reflected by an improvement in, at least, the following indicators:
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3.3.6 |
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Energy use for painting |
kWh/m2 of surface coated/painted |
Fabricated metal products manufacturers |
Energy use for painting of the products/parts divided by the surface of the coated or painted manufactured products or parts. |
Site |
Energy efficiency |
The company achieves continuous (i.e. year-on-year) improvement in environmental performance as reflected by an improvement in, at least, the following indicators:
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3.3.8 |