COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) 2022/1092

of 30 June 2022

laying down technical specifications of data requirements for the topic ‘Innovation’ pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council

(Text with EEA relevance)

THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,

Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,

Having regard to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 November 2019 on European business statistics, repealing 10 legal acts in the field of business statistics (1), and in particular Article 7(1) thereof,

Whereas:

(1) In order to produce and transmit to the Commission every even calendar year, pursuant to Annex II to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152, data on the topic ‘Innovation’, listed in Annex I to that Regulation, that is comparable between Member States, as well as to ensure the correct implementation of the topic ‘Innovation’ based on harmonised concepts, the Commission may specify variables, the measurement unit, the statistical population, classifications and breakdowns, the use of approximations and quality requirements, the data transmission deadline, and the first reference period.

(2) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the European Statistical System Committee,

HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:

Article 1

For the topic ‘Innovation’, as referred to in Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152, Member States shall transmit to the Commission (Eurostat) data for the reference period in accordance with Annexes I to III to this Regulation.

Article 2

This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the

Official Journal of the European Union

This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.

Done at Brussels, 30 June 2022.

For the Commission

The President

Ursula VON DER LEYEN

(1)

OJ L 327, 17.12.2019, p. 1

ANNEX I

Data to be transmitted

Variables	As specified in Annex II
Measurement unit	As specified in Annex II
Statistical population	All enterprises with economic activity in NACE Sections B, C, D, E, H, J, K, and Divisions 46, 71, 72 or 73 with 10 or more employees and self-employed persons in the reference period(1).
Breakdowns	Data sets as specified in Annex II (variable breakdowns) and Annex III (enterprise breakdowns)
Use of approximations and Quality requirements	Statistical unit ‘enterprise’ Where the reporting unit is part of an enterprise, Member States may use appropriate statistical methodology to produce, and transmit data to Eurostat, for the statistical unit ‘enterprise’. The methodology shall be described in the metadata and quality reporting. Coherence with national Business Register Member States shall assess the coherence between data collected and information that is available in national Business Register as referred to in Article 8(2) of Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 for, at least, the variables ‘Number of enterprises’, ‘Employees and self-employed persons in the enterprise’, ‘Total turnover of the enterprise’, and ‘Age of the enterprise’. Member States shall report the results of the assessment in the metadata and quality reporting.
Data transmission deadline	Final and validated data: T + 18 months after the reference year
First reference year	2022

(1) According to Annex II to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 (Topic ‘Innovation’) the ‘reference period is the three-year period before the end of every even calendar year’, i.e. the time period consisting of the two years preceding the reference year and the reference year.

ANNEX II

Data sets

Variable name

Variable breakdown categories

Enterprise scope/

Enterprise breakdown(s)(1)

Measurement unit

Introduction of product innovation during the reference period(2)

Introduction of new or improved

(1)

goods

(2)

services

All enterprises/

DA/

Incidence (number of enterprises)

Introduction, during the reference period, of product innovation that was new to the market

Introduction of new or improved goods or services that were:

(1)	not previously offered by competitors

(2)	identical or very similar to products already offered by competitors

Enterprises with product innovation/

DA/

Incidence (number of enterprises)

Turnover from innovative products in the reference year

Turnover from products

(1)	introduced during the reference period that were not previously offered by competitors

(2)	introduced during the reference period that were identical or very similar to products already offered by competitors

(3)	that were unchanged or only marginally modified during the reference period

Enterprises with product innovation/

DA; ICC/

Incidence (number of enterprises), Thousand Euros

Developer of product innovations introduced during the reference period

Product innovations developed by:

(1)	the enterprise by itself

(2)	the enterprise together with other enterprises or organisations

(3)	the enterprise by adapting or modifying products originally developed by other enterprises or organisations

(4)	other enterprises or organisations

Enterprises with product innovation/

DA/

Incidence (number of enterprises)

Introduction of business process innovation during the reference period

Introduction of new or improved processes:

(1)	methods for producing or developing goods or providing services

(2)	logistics, delivery or distribution methods

(3)	methods for information processing or communication

(4)	methods for accounting or other administrative operations

(5)	business practices for organising procedures or external relations

(6)	methods of organising work responsibility, decision making or human resource management

(7)	marketing methods for promotion, packaging, pricing, product placement or after sales services

All enterprises/

DA/

Incidence (number of enterprises)

Developer of business process innovations introduced during the reference period

Business process innovations developed by:

(1)	the enterprise by itself

(2)	the enterprise together with other enterprises or organisations

(3)	the enterprise by adapting or modifying business processes originally developed by other enterprises or organisations

(4)	other enterprises or organisations

Enterprises with business process innovation/

DA/

Incidence (number of enterprises)

Business model innovation during the reference period (optional variable)

Fundamental changes:

(1)	to the value that products/services create for customers

(2)	in the way how revenues are obtained

(3)	in the production and delivery of products

(4)	in the relationship to customers

(5)	in the relationship to suppliers or cooperation partners

All enterprises/

DA; ICC (optional)/

Incidence (number of enterprises)

Innovation activities during the reference period

Research and Development (R & D) activities:

(1)	in-house R & D, of which (2) to (3)

(2)	continuous

(3)	occasional

(4)	contracting out R & D

Innovation activities that did not lead to the introduction of an innovation during the reference period:

(5)	ongoing by the end of the reference year

(6)	abandoned or suspended

(7)	completed but not leading to the introduction of an innovation

All enterprises/

DA/

Incidence (number of enterprises)

Expenditure on innovation activities in the reference year

Innovation expenditure:

(1 to 3 mandatory, 4 to 7 optional)

(1)	R & D performed in-house

(2)	R & D contracted out

(3)	all other innovation expenditure, of which (4) to (7)

(4)	own personnel working on innovation

(5)	services, materials, supplies purchased from others for innovation

(6)	capital goods for innovation

(7)	other expenditures for innovation

Enterprises with innovation activities/

DA/

Thousand Euros

Reasons for not having more innovation activities during the reference period

(1)	Lack of resources, e.g. lack of finance, qualified personnel, material

(2)	Other reasons than a lack of resources, e.g. strategic reasons; not the right time to innovate; other priorities; risks too high; low expected returns

(3)	No need for more innovation activities

Enterprises with innovation activities/

DA; ICC/

Incidence (number of enterprises)

Reasons for having no innovation activities at all during the reference period

(1)	Lack of resources, e.g. lack of finance, qualified personnel, material

(2)	Other reasons than a lack of resources, e.g. strategic reasons; not the right time to innovate; other priorities; risks too high; low expected returns

(3)	No need for any innovation activities

Enterprises with no innovation activity/

DA; ICC/

Incidence (number of enterprises)

Intellectual Property Rights (optional variable)

(1)	Application for a patent

(2)	Registration of an industrial design right

(3)	Registration of a trademark

(4)	Claim of a copyright

(5)	Use of trade secrets

(6)	Licence out own intellectual property rights (IPRs)

(7)	Sell (or assign) own IPRs to others

(8)	Exchange IPRs (pooling, cross-licencing, etc.)

All enterprises/

DA; ICC (optional)/

Incidence (number of enterprises)

Conditions faced by the enterprise during the reference period (optional variable)

Competitive environment characterised by:

(1)	goods or services become outdated quickly

(2)	future technological developments are difficult to predict

(3)	competitor goods or services are easily substituted for those of the enterprise

(4)	entry of new competitors leads to a major threat of the enterprises’ market position

(5)	competitor’s actions are difficult to predict

(6)	changes in demand are difficult to predict

(7)	strong competition from abroad

(8)	price increases lead to loss of clients

All enterprises/

DA; ICC (optional)/

Incidence (number of enterprises) by Likert scale:

—	Applies fully

—	Applies somewhat

—	Applies very little

—	Applies not at all

Importance of strategies, during the reference period, to the economic performance of the enterprise (optional variable)

Focus on:

(1)	improving existing goods or services

(2)	introducing new goods or services

(3)	low-price (price leadership)

(4)	high-quality (quality leadership)

(5)	broad range of goods or services

(6)	one or a small number of key goods or services

(7)	satisfying established customers

(8)	approaching new customers

(9)	standardised goods or services

(10)	customer-specific solutions

All enterprises/

DA; ICC (optional)/

Incidence (number of enterprises) by Likert scale:

—

High

—

Medium

—

Low

—	Not important

Customisation and co-creation during the reference period (optional variable)

Offer of goods or services:

(1)	co-created with users (co-creation)

(2)	designed and developed specifically to meet the needs of particular users (customisation)

(3)	in the same way for different users (standardised goods or services)

All enterprises/

DA; ICC (optional)/

Incidence (number of enterprises)

Cooperation with other enterprises or organisations during the reference period

Cooperation on:

(1)

R & D

(2)	other innovation activities (excluding R & D)

(3)	any other business activities

Cooperation on R & D or other innovation activities with cooperation partners:

(4)	from the business enterprise sector

(5)	outside the business enterprise sector

All enterprises/

DA; ICC/

Incidence (number of enterprises)

Detailed type of innovation cooperation partner by location during the reference period (optional variable)

Cooperation partners from the business enterprise sector (includes 1 to 6)

(1)	consultants, commercial labs, or private research institutes

(2)	suppliers of equipment, materials, components or software

(3)	clients or customers

(4)	competitors

(5)

others

Cooperation partners from the own enterprise group:

(6)	enterprises within the own enterprise group

Cooperation partners outside the business enterprise sector (includes 7 to 10):

(7)	universities or other higher education institutions

(8)	government or public research institutes

(9)	clients or customers from the public sector

(10)	non-profit organisations

For each partner: located in:

(11)	own country

(12)	other EU or EFTA countries

(13)	all other countries

Enterprises with innovation cooperation partners/

DA; ICC (optional)/

Incidence (number of enterprises)

Access to finance during the reference period

Type of funding:

(1)	Equity finance

(2)	Debt finance

For each type of funding:

(3)	unsuccessful attempt to obtain

(4)

obtained

(5)	obtained and used partly or fully for R & D or other innovation activities

All enterprises/

DA; ICC/

Incidence (number of enterprises)

Public financial support from different levels of government during the reference period

Public financial support by:

(1)	local or regional authorities

(2)	national government

(3)	EU Programme for Research and Innovation (Horizon 2020, Horizon Europe)

(4)	other financial support from a European Union institution

For each type of public financial support:

(5)

obtained

(6)	obtained and used partly or fully for R & D or other innovation activities

All enterprises/

DA; ICC/

Incidence (number of enterprises)

Tax incentives or allowances during the reference period (optional variable)

Use of tax credits or allowances for:

(1)	R & D or other innovation activities

(2)	all other types of activities

All enterprises/

DA; ICC (optional)/

Incidence (number of enterprises)

Importance of factors related to climate change during the reference period (optional variable)

Factors related to climate change:

(1)	government policies or measures related to climate change

(2)	increasing customer demand for products that help mitigate or adapt to climate change (e.g. low-carbon products)

(3)	increasing costs or input prices resulting from climate change (e.g. higher insurance fees, higher prices for water, adaptation of processes or facilities)

(4)	impacts of extreme weather conditions (e.g. damages/disturbances)

All enterprises/

DA; ICC (optional)/

Incidence (number of enterprises) by Likert scale:

—

High

—

Medium

—

Low

—	Not relevant

Innovations with environmental benefits during the reference period

Environmental benefits obtained within the enterprise:

(1)	reduced material or water use per unit of output

(2)	reduced energy use or CO2‘footprint’ (i.e. reduced total CO2 emission)

(3)	reduced soil, light, noise, water or air pollution

(4)	replaced a share of materials with less polluting or hazardous substitutes

(5)	replaced a share of fossil energy with renewable energy sources

(6)	recycled waste, water, or materials for own use or sale

(7)	protection of bio-diversity

Environmental benefits obtained during the consumption or use of a good or service by the end user:

(8)	reduced energy use or ‘CO2 footprint’

(9)	reduced air, water, soil, light or noise pollution

(10)	facilitated recycling of product after use

(11)	extended product life through longer-lasting, more durable, or easier-to-repair products

(12)	protection of bio-diversity

All enterprises/

DA; ICC (optional)/

Incidence (number of enterprises) by contribution to environmental protection being

—	significant

—	insignificant

Importance of driving factors for innovations with environmental benefits during the reference period (optional variable)

Driving factors:

(1)	existing environmental regulations

(2)	existing environmental taxes, charges or fees

(3)	environmental regulations or taxes expected in the future

(4)	government grants, subsidies or other financial incentives for environmental innovations

(5)	current or expected market demand for environmental innovations

(6)	improving the enterprise’s reputation

(7)	voluntary actions or initiatives for environmental good practice within the sector

(8)	high cost of energy, water or materials

(9)	need to meet requirements for public procurement contracts

Enterprises with innovations with environmental benefits/

DA; ICC (optional)/

Incidence (number of enterprises) by Likert scale:

—

High

—

Medium

—

Low

—	Not important

Purchase of innovative machinery, equipment or software during the reference period (optional variable)

Purchase of machinery, equipment or software based on

(1)	the same or improved technology used in the enterprise before

(2)	new technology that was not used in the enterprise before

All enterprises/

DA; ICC (optional)/

Incidence (number of enterprises)

Enterprises

Year:

(mandatory: 1; optional: 2)

(1)	in the reference year

(2)	in the year two years before the reference year

All enterprises/

DA; ICC; SG/

Number of enterprises

Employees and self-employed persons in the enterprise

Year:

(mandatory: 1; optional: 2)

(1)	in the reference year

(2)	in the year two years before the reference year

All enterprises/

DA; ICC; SG/

Number of employees and self-employed persons

Persons with tertiary degree employed in the enterprise in the reference year (optional variable)

(1)

0 %

(2)	1 % to less than 5 %

(3)	5 % to less than 10 %

(4)	10 % to less than 25 %

(5)	25 % to less than 50 %

(6)	50 % to less than 75 %

(7)	75 % or more

All enterprises/

DA; ICC (optional)/

Incidence (number of enterprises)

Total turnover of the enterprise

Year:

(mandatory: 1; optional: 2)

(1)	in the reference year

(2)	in the year two years before the reference year

All enterprises/

DA; ICC; SG/

Thousand Euros

Turnover by location of customers in the reference year (optional variable)

Customers located in

(1)	own country

(2)	other EU and EFTA countries

(3)	any other countries

All enterprises/

DA; ICC (optional)/

Incidence (number of enterprises), Thousand Euros

Total expenditure of the enterprise in the reference year (optional variable)

Total expenditure on:

(1)	acquisition of machinery, equipment, buildings and other tangible assets

(2)	marketing, brand building, advertising

(3)	training of own staff

(4)	product design

(5)	software development, database work and data analysis

(6)	registering, filing and monitoring own Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) and purchasing or licensing IPRs from others

All enterprises/

DA; ICC (optional)/

Thousand Euros

Age of the enterprise in the reference year

Enterprise established

(1)	in 2020 or later

(2)	in 2018 or 2019

(3)	between 2014 and 2017

(4)	2013 or earlier

All enterprises/

DA; ICC/

Incidence (number of enterprises)

Kind of enterprise group in the reference year (optional variable)

Enterprise is:

(1)	not part of an enterprise group

(2)	part of an enterprise group

For (2), head office located in:

(3)	own country, of which (4) and (5)

(4)	with all enterprises of that group located in the country

(5)	any other country

All enterprises/

DA; ICC (optional)/

Incidence (number of enterprises), Country name

Activities with one or more enterprises of the enterprise group during the reference period (optional variable)

Inflows from other enterprises in the enterprise group:

(1)	receiving technical knowledge

(2)	receiving financial resources

(3)	receiving personnel

(4)	in-sourcing of business activities

Outflows to other enterprises in the enterprise group:

(5)	transferring technical knowledge

(6)	transferring financial resources

(7)	transferring personnel

(8)	out-sourcing of business activities

Enterprises that are part of an enterprise group/

DA; ICC (optional)/

Incidence (number of enterprises) by

—	other enterprise in the country

—	other enterprise abroad

Funding in the form of intra-group loans during the reference period (optional variable)

Funding by intra-group loans:

(1)	unsuccessful attempt to obtain

(2)

obtained

(3)	obtained and used partly or fully for R & D or other innovation activities

Enterprises that are part of an enterprise group/

DA; ICC (optional)/

Incidence (number of enterprises)

(1) For the meaning of the abbreviations see Annex III.

(2) According to Annex II to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 (Topic ‘Innovation’) the ‘reference period is the three-year period before the end of every even calendar year’, i.e. the time period consisting of the two years preceding the reference year and the reference year.

ANNEX III

Enterprise breakdowns

Enterprise breakdown	Code	Enterprise breakdown categories
Detailed Activity: Economic activity (high level of detail), size class, innovation status	DA(1)	Combined breakdown by economic activity (detailed), size class of number of employed persons (sum of employees and self-employed persons), and innovation status Activity breakdown: NACE aggregates of Sections and Divisions as well as Sections and Divisions: B+C+D+E+46+H+J+K+71 + 72 + 73, B+C+D+E, B, C, 10 + 11 + 12, 13 + 14 + 15, 16 + 17 + 18, 19 + 20 + 21, 22 + 23, 24 + 25, 26 + 27 + 28, 29 + 30, 31 + 32 + 33, D, E, 36 + 37; 38 + 39, 46+H+J+K+71 + 72 + 73, 46, H, 49 + 50 + 51, 52 + 53, J, 58 + 59 + 60, 61 + 62 + 63, K, 71, 72, 73, 71 + 72 + 73 Size class breakdown by number of employed persons (sum of employees and self-employed persons) (only for B+C+D+E+46+H+J+K+71+ 72 + 73, B+C+D+E, B, C, D, E, 46+H+J+K+71 + 72 + 73, 46, H, J, K, 71 + 72 + 73): Total, 10-49, 50-249, 250 or more employed persons Innovation status: All enterprises in the population (Total), Innovation active enterprises(2), Not innovation active enterprises
Innovation Core Concepts: Economic activity (low level of detail), size class, innovation profile	ICC	Combined breakdown by activity (low level of detail), size class of number of employed persons (sum of employees and self-employed persons), and innovation profile Activity breakdown: NACE aggregates of Sections and Divisions: B+C+D+E+46+H+J+K+71 + 72 + 73, B+C+D+E, 46+H+J+K+71 + 72 + 73 Size class breakdown by number of employed persons (sum of employees and self-employed persons): Total, 10-49, 50-249, 250 or more employed persons Innovation profiles breakdown: All enterprises in the population (Total), Innovation active enterprises (Profile I + Profile II + Profile III + Profile IV + Profile V), Not innovation active enterprises (Profile VI + Profile VII), Enterprises that have introduced an innovation (Profile I + Profile II + Profile III + Profile IV), Enterprises that have not introduced an innovation (Profile V + Profile VI + Profile VII), Enterprises with innovation capabilities (Profile I + Profile II + Profile III + Profile V), Enterprises without innovation capabilities (Profile IV + Profile VI + Profile VII), Enterprises with R & D activities (Profile IA + Profile IIA + Profile IIIA + Profile IVA + Profile VA), Enterprises without R & D activities (Profile IB + Profile IIB + Profile IIIB + Profile IVB + Profile VB + Profile VI + Profile VII), In-house product innovators with market novelties (Profile I), In-house product innovators without market novelties (Profile II), In-house business process innovators without product innovation (Profile III) (optional), Innovators that do not develop innovations themselves (Profile IV) (optional), Non-innovators with innovation activity (Profile V) (optional), Non-innovators without innovation activity but with potential to innovate (Profile VI), Non-innovators without innovation activity and without potential to innovate (Profile VII),
Special Groups of enterprises	SG	Combined breakdown by activity (low level of detail), size class of number of employed persons (sum of employees and self-employed persons), and kind of enterprise (innovation) Activity breakdown: NACE aggregates of Sections and Divisions: B+C+D+E+46+H+J+K+71 + 72 + 73, B+C+D+E, 46+H+J+K+71 + 72 + 73 Size class breakdown by number of employed persons (sum of employees and self-employed persons): Total, 10-49, 50-249, 250 or more employed persons Kind of enterprise (innovation): All enterprises in the population, Enterprises with at least one good innovation, Enterprises with at least one service innovation, Enterprises with at least one product innovation (goods or services) that was not previously available to the market (‘new to market’), Enterprises with at least one product innovation (goods or services) already previously available on the market ‘new to the firm’, Enterprises with at least one business process innovation (independent of kind of business process innovation), Enterprises with product innovation but no business process innovation, Enterprises with business process innovation but no product innovation, Enterprises with both product innovation and business process innovation, Enterprises contracting out R & D but with no R & D performed in-house, Enterprises with innovation activities (product innovation, business process innovation, completed, ongoing or abandoned innovation activities) but no in-house or contracting out R & D

(1) Member States can also cover NACE Sections A, F, G, I on a voluntary basis.

(2) Enterprises with product innovation, business process innovation, completed (but not leading to an implemented innovation during reference period), ongoing or abandoned innovation activities, in-house R & D or contracted-out R & D.