COUNCIL DECISION

of 13 May 2011

on the conclusion of an Agreement in the form of a Protocol between the European Union and the Arab Republic of Egypt establishing a dispute settlement mechanism applicable to disputes under the trade provisions of the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an Association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Arab Republic of Egypt, of the other part

(2011/307/EU)

THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,

Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular the first subparagraph of Article 207(4), in conjunction with point (a)(v) of Article 218(6) thereof,

Having regard to the proposal from the European Commission,

Having regard to the consent of the European Parliament,

Whereas:

(1) On 24 February 2006 the Council authorised the Commission to open negotiations with partners in the Mediterranean region in order to establish a dispute settlement mechanism related to trade provisions.

(2) Negotiations have been conducted by the Commission in consultation with the committee appointed under Article 207 of the Treaty and within the framework of the negotiating directives issued by the Council.

(3) These negotiations have been concluded and an Agreement in the form of a Protocol (the Protocol) between the European Union and the Arab Republic of Egypt establishing a dispute settlement mechanism applicable to disputes under the trade provisions of the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an Association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Arab Republic of Egypt, of the other part(1) was initialled on 27 April 2010.

(4) The Protocol was signed on behalf of the Union on 11 November 2010.

(5) The Protocol should be concluded,

HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION:

Article 1

The Agreement in the form of a Protocol between the European Union and the Arab Republic of Egypt establishing a dispute settlement mechanism applicable to disputes under the trade provisions of the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an Association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Arab Republic of Egypt, of the other part (the Protocol) is hereby approved on behalf of the Union.

The text of the Protocol is attached to this Decision.

Article 2

The President of the Council shall give, on behalf of the Union, the notification provided for in Article 23 of the Protocol(2).

Article 3

This Decision shall enter into force on the day of its adoption.

Done at Brussels, 13 May 2011.

For the Council

The President

MARTONYI J.

(1)

OJ L 304, 30.9.2004, p. 39

(2) The date of entry into force of the Protocol will be published in the

Official Journal of the European Union

by the General Secretariat of the Council.

26.5.2011

Official Journal of the European Union

L 138/3

PROTOCOL

between the European Union and the Arab Republic of Egypt establishing a dispute settlement mechanism applicable to disputes under the trade provisions of the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an Association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Arab Republic of Egypt, of the other part

THE EUROPEAN UNION, hereinafter referred to as ‘the Union’,

of the one part,

and

THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT, hereinafter referred to as ‘Egypt’,

of the other part,

HAVE DECIDED AS FOLLOWS:

CHAPTER I

OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE

Article 1

Objective

The objective of this Protocol is to avoid and settle any trade dispute between the Parties with a view to arrive at, where possible, a mutually agreed solution.

Article 2

Application of the Protocol

1. The provisions of this Protocol apply with respect to any difference concerning the interpretation and application of Title II (with the exception of Articles 22, 23 and 24), of the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an Association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Arab Republic of Egypt, of the other part (hereinafter referred to as ‘the Association Agreement’)(1), except as otherwise expressly provided. Article 82 of the Association Agreement applies to disputes relating to the application and interpretation of other provisions of the Association Agreement.

2. The procedures of this Protocol shall apply if, 60 days after a dispute has been referred to the Association Council pursuant to Article 82 of the Association Agreement, the Association Council has failed to settle the dispute.

3. For the purposes of paragraph 2, a dispute shall be deemed to be resolved when the Association Council has taken a decision as provided for in Article 82(2) of the Association Agreement, or when it has declared that there is no longer a dispute.

CHAPTER II

CONSULTATIONS AND MEDIATION

Article 3

Consultations

1. The Parties shall endeavour to resolve any difference regarding the interpretation and application of the provisions referred to in Article 2 by entering into consultations in good faith with the aim of reaching a prompt, equitable and mutually agreed solution.

2. A Party shall seek consultations by means of a written request to the other Party, copied to the subcommittee ‘industry, trade, services and investment’, identifying any measure at issue and the provisions of the Association Agreement that it considers applicable.

3. Consultations shall be held within 40 days of the date of receipt of the request and take place, unless the Parties agree otherwise, on the territory of the Party complained against. The consultations shall be deemed concluded within 60 days of the date of receipt of the request, unless both Parties agree to continue consultations. Consultations, in particular all information disclosed and positions taken by the Parties during these proceedings, shall be confidential, and without prejudice to the rights of either Party in any further proceedings.

4. Consultations on matters of urgency, including those regarding perishable or seasonal goods, shall be held within 15 days of the date of receipt of the request, and shall be deemed concluded within 30 days of the date of receipt of the request.

5. If the Party to which the request is made does not respond to the request for consultations within 15 days of the date of its receipt, or if consultations are not held within the timeframes laid down in paragraph 3 or in paragraph 4 respectively, or if consultations have been concluded and no agreement has been reached on a mutually agreed solution, the complaining Party may request the establishment of an arbitration panel in accordance with Article 5.

Article 4

Mediation

1. If consultations fail to produce a mutually agreed solution, the Parties may, by mutual agreement, seek recourse to a mediator. Any request for mediation must be made in writing to the Party complained against and to the subcommittee ‘industry, trade, services and investment’ and state any measure which has been the subject of consultations as well as the mutually agreed terms of reference for the mediation. Each Party undertakes to accord sympathetic consideration to requests for mediation.

2. Unless the Parties agree on a mediator within 15 days of the date of receipt of the request for mediation, the chairpersons of the subcommittee ‘industry, trade, services and investment’, or the chairpersons’ delegate, shall select by lot a mediator from the pool of individuals who are on the list referred to in Article 19 and are not nationals of either Party. The selection shall be made within 10 days of the date of receipt of the request. The mediator will convene a meeting with the Parties no sooner than 20 days and no later than 30 days after being selected. The mediator shall receive the submissions of each Party no later than 15 days before the meeting and may request additional information from the Parties or from experts or technical advisors as she or he deems necessary. Any information obtained in this manner must be disclosed to each of the Parties and submitted for their comments. The mediator shall notify an opinion no later than 45 days after having been selected.

3. The mediator’s opinion may include a recommendation on how to resolve the dispute consistent with the provisions referred to in Article 2. The mediator’s opinion is non-binding.

4. The Parties may agree to amend the time limits referred to in paragraph 2. The mediator may also decide to amend these time limits upon request of any of the Parties, given the particular difficulties experienced by the Party concerned or the complexities of the case.

5. The proceedings involving mediation, in particular the mediator’s opinion and all information disclosed and positions taken by the Parties during these proceedings, shall be confidential, and without prejudice to the rights of either Party in any further proceedings.

6. If the Parties agree, procedures for mediation may continue while the arbitration procedure proceeds.

7. Replacement of a mediator shall take place only for the reasons and according to the procedures detailed in paragraphs 18 to 21 of the Rules of Procedure.

CHAPTER III

DISPUTE SETTLEMENT PROCEDURES

SECTION I

Arbitration procedure

Article 5

Initiation of the arbitration procedure

1. Where the Parties have failed to resolve the dispute by recourse to consultations as provided for in Article 3, or by recourse to mediation as provided for in Article 4, the complaining Party may request the establishment of an arbitration panel.

2. The request for the establishment of an arbitration panel shall be made in writing to the Party complained against and the subcommittee ‘industry, trade, services and investment’. The complaining Party shall identify in its request the specific measure at issue, and it shall explain how such measure constitutes a breach of the provisions referred to in Article 2. The establishment of an arbitration panel shall be requested no later than 18 months from the date of receipt of the request for consultations, without prejudice to the rights of the complaining Party to request new consultations on the same matter in the future.

Article 6

Establishment of the arbitration panel

1. An arbitration panel shall be composed of three arbitrators.

2. Within 15 days of the date of receipt by the Party complained against of the request for the establishment of an arbitration panel, the Parties shall consult in order to reach an agreement on the composition of the arbitration panel.

3. In the event that the Parties are unable to agree on its composition within the time frame laid down in paragraph 2, either Party may request the chairpersons of the subcommittee ‘industry, trade, services and investment’, or the chairpersons’ delegate, to select all three members by lot from the list established under Article 19, one among the individuals proposed by the complaining Party, one among the individuals proposed by the Party complained against and one among the individuals selected by the Parties to act as chairperson. Where the Parties agree on one or more of the members of the arbitration panel, any remaining members shall be selected by the same procedure.

4. The chairpersons of the subcommittee ‘industry, trade, services and investment’, or the chairpersons’ delegate, shall select the arbitrators within 10 days of the request referred to in paragraph 3 by either Party.

5. The date of establishment of the arbitration panel shall be the date on which the three arbitrators are selected.

6. Replacement of arbitrators shall take place only for the reasons and according to the procedures detailed in paragraphs 18 to 21 of the Rules of Procedure.

Article 7

Interim panel report

The arbitration panel shall issue an interim report to the Parties setting out the findings of fact, the applicability of relevant provisions and the basic rationale behind any findings and recommendations that it makes, as a general rule, not later than 120 days from the date of establishment of the arbitration panel. Any Party may submit a written request for the arbitration panel to review precise aspects of the interim report within 15 days of its notification. The findings of the final panel ruling shall include a discussion of the arguments made at the interim review stage.

Article 8

Arbitration panel ruling

1. The arbitration panel shall, as a general rule, notify its ruling to the Parties and to the subcommittee ‘industry, trade, services and investment’ within 150 days from the date of the establishment of the arbitration panel. Where it considers that this deadline cannot be met, the chairperson of the arbitration panel must notify the Parties and the subcommittee ‘industry, trade, services and investment’ in writing, stating the reasons for the delay and the date on which the panel plans to conclude its work. Under no circumstances should the ruling be notified later than 180 days from the date of establishment of the arbitration panel.

2. The arbitration panel shall, at the request of both Parties, suspend its work at any time for a period agreed by the Parties not exceeding 12 months and shall resume its work at the end of this agreed period at the request of the complaining Party. If the complaining Party does not request the resumption of the arbitration panel’s work before the expiry of the agreed suspension period, the procedure shall be terminated. The suspension and termination of the arbitration panel’s work are without prejudice to the rights of either Party in another proceeding on the same matter.

3. In cases of urgency, including those involving perishable or seasonal goods, the arbitration panel shall make every effort to notify its ruling within 75 days from the date of its establishment. Under no circumstance should it take longer than 90 days from its establishment. The arbitration panel shall give a preliminary ruling within 10 days of its establishment on whether it deems the case to be urgent.

SECTION II

Compliance

Article 9

Compliance with the arbitration panel and Appellate Panel rulings

Each Party shall take any measure necessary to comply with the arbitration panel ruling, and the Parties will endeavour to agree on the period of time to comply with the ruling.

Article 10

The reasonable period of time for compliance

1. No later than 30 days after the receipt of the notification of the arbitration panel ruling to the Parties, the Party complained against shall notify the complaining Party and the subcommittee ‘industry, trade, services and investment’ of the time it will require for compliance (reasonable period of time), if immediate compliance is not possible.

2. If there is disagreement between the Parties on the reasonable period of time to comply with the arbitration panel ruling, the complaining Party shall, within 20 days of the receipt of the notification made under paragraph 1 by the Party complained against, request, in writing, the arbitration panel to determine the length of the reasonable period of time. Such request shall be notified simultaneously to the other Party and to the subcommittee ‘industry, trade, services and investment’. The arbitration panel shall notify its ruling to the Parties and to the subcommittee ‘industry, trade, services and investment’ within 30 days from the date of receipt of the request.

3. The reasonable period of time may be extended by mutual agreement of the Parties.

Article 11

Review of any measure taken to comply with the arbitration panel ruling

1. The Party complained against shall notify the other Party and the subcommittee ‘industry, trade, services and investment’ before the end of the reasonable period of time of any measure that it has taken to comply with the arbitration panel ruling.

2. In the event that there is disagreement between the Parties concerning the existence or the consistency of any measure notified under paragraph 1 with the provisions referred to in Article 2, the complaining Party may request, in writing, the arbitration panel to rule on the matter. Such request shall identify the specific measure at issue and it shall explain how such measure is inconsistent with the provisions referred to in Article 2. The arbitration panel shall notify its ruling within 90 days of the date of receipt of the request.

Article 12

Temporary remedies in case of non-compliance

1. If the Party complained against fails to notify any measure taken to comply with the arbitration panel ruling before the expiry of the reasonable period of time, or if the arbitration panel rules that the measure notified under Article 11(1) is inconsistent with that Party’s obligations under the provisions referred to in Article 2, the Party complained against shall, if so requested by the complaining Party, present an offer for temporary compensation.

2. If no agreement on compensation is reached within 30 days after the end of the reasonable period of time or of the arbitration panel ruling under Article 11 that a measure taken to comply is inconsistent with the provisions referred to in Article 2, the complaining Party shall be entitled, upon notification to the other Party and to the subcommittee ‘industry, trade, services and investment’, to suspend obligations arising from any provision referred to in Article 2 at a level equivalent to the nullification or impairment caused by the violation. The complaining Party may implement the suspension 15 days after the date of receipt of the notification by the Party complained against, unless the Party complained against has requested arbitration under paragraph 3.

3. If the Party complained against considers that the level of suspension is not equivalent to the nullification or impairment caused by the violation, it may request, in writing, the arbitration panel to rule on the matter. Such request shall be notified to the other Party and to the subcommittee ‘industry, trade, services and investment’ before the expiry of the 15 day period referred to in paragraph 2. The arbitration panel, having sought, if appropriate, the opinion of experts, shall notify its ruling on the level of the suspension of obligations to the Parties and to the institutional body responsible for trade matters within 30 days of the date of receipt of the request. Obligations shall not be suspended until the arbitration panel has notified its ruling, and any suspension shall be consistent with the arbitration panel ruling.

4. The suspension of obligations shall be temporary and shall be applied only until any measure found to be inconsistent with the provisions referred to in Article 2 has been withdrawn or amended so as to bring it into conformity with those provisions, as established under Article 13, or until the Parties have agreed to settle the dispute.

Article 13

Review of any measure taken to comply after the suspension of obligations

1. The Party complained against shall notify the other Party and the subcommittee ‘industry, trade, services and investment’ of any measure it has taken to comply with the ruling of the arbitration panel and of its request for an end to the suspension of obligations applied by the complaining Party.

2. If the Parties do not reach an agreement on the compatibility of the notified measure with the provisions referred to in Article 2 within 30 days of the date of receipt of the notification, the complaining Party shall request, in writing, the arbitration panel to rule on the matter. Such request shall be notified simultaneously to the other Party and to the subcommittee ‘industry, trade, services and investment’. The arbitration panel ruling shall be notified to the Parties and to the subcommittee ‘industry, trade, services and investment’ within 45 days of the date of receipt of the request. If the arbitration panel rules that any measure taken to comply is in conformity with the provisions referred to in Article 2, the suspension of obligations shall be terminated.

SECTION III

Common provisions

Article 14

Mutually agreed solution

The Parties may reach a mutually agreed solution to a dispute under this Protocol at any time. They shall notify the subcommittee ‘industry, trade, services and investment’ and the arbitration panel of any such solution. Upon notification of the mutually agreed solution, the panel shall terminate its work and the procedure shall be terminated.

Article 15

Rules of Procedure

1. Dispute settlement procedures under Chapter III of this Protocol shall be governed by the Rules of Procedure annexed to this Protocol.

2. Any meeting of the arbitration panel shall be open to the public in accordance with the Rules of Procedure, unless the Parties agree otherwise.

Article 16

Information and technical advice

At the request of a Party, or upon its own initiative, the arbitration panel may obtain information it deems appropriate for the arbitration panel proceeding. In particular, the arbitration panel also has the right to seek the relevant opinion of experts as it deems appropriate. The arbitration panel shall consult the Parties before choosing such experts. Any information obtained in this manner must be disclosed to each of the Parties and submitted for their comments. Unless the Parties agree otherwise, interested natural or legal persons established in the Parties are authorised to submit communications in writing to the arbitration panels in accordance with the Rules of Procedure. Such communications shall be limited to the factual aspects of the dispute and shall not address points of law.

Article 17

Rules of interpretation

Any arbitration panel shall interpret the provisions referred to in Article 2 in accordance with customary rules of interpretation of public international law, including the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. The rulings of the arbitration panel cannot add to or diminish the rights and obligations provided in the provisions referred to in Article 2.

Article 18

Arbitration panel decisions and ruling

1. The arbitration panel shall make every effort to take any decision by consensus. Where, nevertheless, a decision cannot be arrived at by consensus, the matter at issue shall be decided by majority vote. However, in no case shall dissenting opinions of arbitrators be published.

2. Any ruling of the arbitration panel shall be binding on the Parties and shall not create any rights or obligations to physical or legal persons. The ruling shall set out the findings of fact, the applicability of the relevant provisions of the Association Agreement and the basic rationale behind any findings and conclusions that it makes. The subcommittee ‘industry, trade, services and investment’ shall make the arbitration panel ruling publicly available in its entirety unless it decides not to do so in order to ensure the confidentiality of business confidential information.

CHAPTER IV

GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 19

Lists of arbitrators

1. The subcommittee ‘industry, trade, services and investment’ shall, no later than 6 months after the entry into force of this Protocol, establish a list of at least 15 individuals who are willing and able to serve as arbitrators. Each of the Parties shall propose at least five individuals to serve as arbitrators. The two Parties shall also select at least five individuals who are not nationals of either Party and who shall act as chairperson to the arbitration panel. The subcommittee ‘industry, trade, services and investment’ will ensure that the list is always maintained at this level.

2. Arbitrators shall have specialised knowledge or experience of law and international trade. They shall be independent, serve in their individual capacities and not take instructions from any organisation or government, or be affiliated with the government of any of the Parties, and shall comply with the Code of Conduct annexed to this Protocol.

3. The subcommittee ‘industry, trade, services and investment’ may establish additional lists of at least 15 individuals having a sectoral expertise in specific matters covered by the Association Agreement. When recourse is made to the selection procedure of Article 6(2), the chairpersons of the subcommittee ‘industry, trade, services and investment’ may use a sectoral list upon agreement of both Parties.

4. Should the list provided for in paragraph 1 of this Article not be established at the time a request for mediation or for the establishment of an arbitration panel is made, the arbitrators shall be drawn by lot from the individuals who have been formally proposed by one or both of the Parties. The individuals proposed for chairperson of the arbitration panel or mediator may not be nationals of either Party.

Article 20

Relation with WTO obligations

1. When a Party seeks the settlement of a dispute concerning an obligation under the WTO Agreement, it shall have recourse to the relevant rules and procedures of the WTO Agreement, which apply notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement.

2. When a Party seeks the settlement of a dispute concerning an obligation falling within the scope of this Agreement as defined in Article 2, it shall have recourse to the rules and procedures of this Agreement.

3. Unless the Parties agree otherwise, when a Party seeks the settlement of a dispute concerning an obligation falling within the scope of this Agreement as defined in Article 2, which is equivalent in substance to an obligation under the WTO, it shall have recourse to the relevant rules and procedures of the WTO Agreement, which apply notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement.

4. Once dispute settlement procedures have been initiated, the forum selected in accordance with the paragraphs above, if it has not declined its jurisdiction, shall be used to the exclusion of the other.

5. Nothing in this Agreement shall preclude a Party from implementing the suspension of obligations authorised by the Dispute Settlement Body of the WTO. The WTO Agreement shall not be invoked to preclude a Party from suspending obligations under this Agreement.

Article 21

Time limits

1. All time limits laid down in this Protocol, including the limits for the arbitration panels to notify their rulings, shall be counted in calendar days from the day following the act or fact to which they refer.

2. Any time limit referred to in this Protocol may be extended by mutual agreement of the Parties. The Parties undertake to accord sympathetic consideration to requests for extensions of any time limit by reason of difficulties faced by any Party in complying with the procedures of this Protocol. Upon request of a Party, the arbitration panel may extend the time limits applicable in the proceedings, taking into account the different level of development of the Parties.

Article 22

Review and modification of the Protocol

1. No later than 3 years after the entry into force of this Protocol and its Annexes, the Association Council shall review their implementation, with a view to decide their continuation, modification or termination.

2. In this review, the Association Council may consider the possibility of creating an Appellate Body common to several Euro-Mediterranean Agreements.

3. The Association Council may decide to modify this Protocol and its Annexes.

Article 23

Entry into force

This Protocol will be approved by the Parties in accordance with their own procedures. This Protocol shall enter into force on the first day of the second month following the date on which the Parties notify each other that the procedures referred to in this Article have been completed.

Done in Brussels on the eleventh day of November in the year two thousand and ten, in duplicate, in the Bulgarian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Maltese, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovak, Slovenian, Spanish, Swedish and Arabic languages, each of these texts being equally authentic.

За Европейския съюз

Por la Unión Europea

Za Evropskou unii

For Den Europæiske Union

Für die Europäische Union

Euroopa Liidu nimel

Για την Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση

For the European Union

Pour l’Union européenne

Per l’Unione europea

Eiropas Savienības vārdā –

Europos Sąjungos vardu

Az Európai Unió részéről

Għall-Unjoni Ewropea

Voor de Europese Unie

W imieniu Unii Europejskiej

Pela União Europeia

Pentru Uniunea Europeană

Za Európsku úniu

Za Evropsko unijo

Euroopan unionin puolesta

För Europeiska unionen

[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]

За Арабска република Египет

Por la República Árabe de Egipto

Za Egyptskou arabskou republiku

For Den Arabiske Republik Egypten

Für die Arabische Republik Ägypten

Egiptuse Araabia Vabariigi nimel

Για την Αραβική Δημοκρατία της Αιγύπτου

For the Arab Republic of Egypt

Pour la République arabe d'Égypte

Per la Repubblica araba d'Egitto

Ēģiptes Arābu Republikas vārdā –

Egipto Arabų Respublikos vardu

Az Egyiptomi Arab Köztársaság részéről

Għar-Repubblika Għarbija tal-Eġittu

Voor de Arabische Republiek Egypte

W imieniu Arabskiej Republiki Egiptu

Pela República Árabe do Egipto

Pentru Republica Arabă Egipt

Za Arabsko republiko Egipt

Za Egyptskú arabskú republiku

Egyptin arabitasavallan puolesta

På Arabrepubliken Egyptens vägnar

[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]

(1) The provisions of this Protocol are without prejudice to Article 34 of the Protocol concerning the definition of the concept of ‘originating products’ and methods of administrative cooperation.

ANNEXES

ANNEX I

RULES OF PROCEDURE FOR ARBITRATION

ANNEX II

CODE OF CONDUCT FOR MEMBERS OF ARBITRATION PANELS AND MEDIATORS

Top