COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) 2022/58
of 14 January 2022
imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of certain grain-oriented flat-rolled products of silicon-electrical steel originating in the People’s Republic of China, Japan, the Republic of Korea, the Russian Federation and the United States of America following an expiry review pursuant to Article 11(2) of Regulation (EU) 2016/1036 of the European Parliament and of the Council
1.
PROCEDURE
1.1.
Original investigation and measures in force
1.2.
Request for an expiry review
1.3.
Initiation of an expiry review
1.4.
Review investigation period and period considered
1.5.
Withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the EU
1.6.
Interested parties
1.7.
Sampling
1.7.1.
Sampling of Union producers
1.7.2.
Sampling of importers
1.7.3.
Sampling of producers in the countries concerned
1.8.
Replies to the questionnaire
1.9.
Verification
1.10.
Disclosure
2.
PRODUCT UNDER REVIEW AND LIKE PRODUCT
2.1.
Product under review
2.2.
Like product
2.3.
Claims regarding product scope
3.
LIKELIHOOD OF CONTINUATION OR RECURRENCE OF DUMPING
3.1.
Preliminary remarks
3.2.
Japan
3.2.1.
Preliminary remarks
3.2.2.
Dumping during the review investigation period
3.2.2.1. Normal value
3.2.2.2. Export price
3.2.2.3. Comparison
3.2.2.4. Dumping margin
3.2.3.
Likelihood of continuation of dumping
(a)
Spare capacity
(b)
Attractiveness of the Union market
(c)
Conclusion on the likelihood of continuation of dumping
3.3.
Korea
3.3.1.
Dumping during the review investigation period
3.3.1.1. Preliminary remarks
3.3.1.2. Dumping
(a)
Normal value
(b)
Export prices
(c)
Comparison
(d)
Dumping
3.3.2.
Likelihood of recurrence of dumping should measures be repealed
(a)
Exports to third countries
(b)
Spare capacity
(c)
Attractiveness of the Union market
(d)
Conclusion on the likelihood of recurrence of dumping
3.4.
USA
3.4.1.
Dumping during the review investigation period
3.4.1.1. Preliminary remarks
3.4.1.2. Dumping
(a)
Normal value
(b)
Export prices
(c)
Comparison
(d)
Dumping
3.4.2.
Likelihood of continuation of dumping should measures be repealed
(a)
Spare capacity
(b)
Attractiveness of the Union market
(c)
Conclusion on the likelihood of continuation of dumping
3.5.
PRC
3.5.1.
Dumping during the review investigation period
3.5.1.1. Procedure for the determination of the normal value under Article 2(6a) of the basic Regulation
3.5.1.2. Non-cooperation from the GOC
3.5.1.3. Existence of significant distortions
3.5.1.4. Representative country
(a)
General remarks
(b)
A level of economic development similar to the PRC
(c)
Availability of relevant public data in the representative country
(d)
Level of social and environmental protection
(e)
Conclusion
3.5.1.5. Undistorted costs and benchmarks
(a)
Sources used to establish undistorted costs
(b)
Data used for the construction of normal value
Factor of Production |
Commodity Code |
Undistorted value |
Unit of measurement |
Raw materials |
|||
Iron ore |
2601 11 |
729,85 |
Tonne |
Sintered |
2601 12 10 , 2601 12 90 |
945,20 |
Tonne |
Iron ore |
|||
Iron slags |
2619 |
712,97 |
Tonne |
Coking coal |
2701 12 |
1 076,38 |
Tonne |
Steel scraps |
7204 10 |
865,57 |
Tonne |
Ferro-silicon |
7202 21 |
12 766,44 |
Tonne |
Ferro-niobium |
7202 93 |
155 625,46 |
Tonne |
Aluminum |
7601 10 |
14 547,25 |
Tonne |
Ferro-chromium |
7202 41 |
9 107,45 |
Tonne |
Copper |
7402 |
42 514,89 |
Tonne |
Limestone |
2521 |
98,65 |
Tonne |
Quicklime |
2522 10 |
1 091,01 |
Tonne |
Tin |
8001 10 |
586 967,35 |
Tonne |
Ferrophosphorus |
7202 99 10 |
33 143,39 |
Tonne |
Manganese |
8111 00 10 , 8111 00 20 , 8111 00 90 |
16 138,58 |
Tonne |
Magnesium oxide (MGO) |
2519 90 10 , 2519 90 90 (France) |
44 837,45 |
Tonne |
Consumables |
|||
Labour |
|||
Labour |
|
84,59 |
per man hour |
Energy |
|||
Electricity |
2716 |
8 251,91 |
kWh |
Natural gas |
2711 11 |
3,42 -3,72 |
m3 |
Oil |
2710 19 11 , 2710 19 19 , 2710 19 21 , 2710 19 22 , 2710 19 29 , 2710 19 31 , 2710 19 32 , 2710 19 91 , 2710 19 92 , 2710 19 93 , 2710 19 94 , 2710 19 99 |
2,29 |
1 000 m3 |
Coke |
2704 00 11 , 2704 00 12 , |
1 878,96 |
Tonne |
2704 00 90 |
|||
Coal |
2701 11 |
768,01 |
Tonne |
Coal gas |
2705 |
0,59 |
1 000 m3 |
Hydrogen |
2804 10 (Canada) |
2,74 |
m3 |
(c)
Raw materials
(d)
Labour
(e)
Electricity
(f)
Natural gas
(g)
Manufacturing overhead costs, SG&A, profits and depreciation
3.5.1.6. Calculation
3.5.1.7. Export price
3.5.1.8. Comparison
3.5.1.9. Dumping margins
3.5.2.
Likelihood of recurrence of dumping
(a)
Exports to third countries
(b)
Production capacity and spare capacity in China
(c)
Attractiveness of the Union market
(d)
Conclusion
3.6.
Russia
3.6.1.
Dumping during the review investigation period
3.6.1.1. Preliminary remarks
3.6.1.2. Dumping
(a)
Normal value
(b)
Export price
(c)
Comparison
(d)
Dumping
3.6.2.
Likelihood of continuation of dumping should measures be repealed
(a)
Spare capacity
(b)
Attractiveness of the Union market
(c)
Conclusion on the likelihood of continuation of dumping
4.
INJURY
4.1.
Definition of the Union industry and Union production
4.2.
The four known Union producers represent 100 % of the total Union production of the like product. Union consumption
|
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
Review Investigation period |
Total Union consumption |
300 000 -315 000 |
277 000 -292 000 |
298 000 -313 000 |
265 000 -280 000 |
Index |
100 |
93 |
99 |
89 |
Source: Verified questionnaire replies, information contained in the request, Eurostat and from Eurofer. |
4.3.
Imports from the countries concerned
4.3.1.
Volume and market share of the imports from the countries concerned
|
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
Review Investigation period |
Volume of imports from the countries concerned |
86 000 -101 000 |
64 000 -79 000 |
76 000 -91 000 |
70 000 -85 000 |
Index |
100 |
80 |
90 |
83 |
Market share of imports from the countries concerned (%) |
27,5 -34,2 |
22,7 -29,7 |
24,1 -31,3 |
26,5 -34,0 |
Index |
100 |
87 |
93 |
97 |
Source: Eurostat |
4.3.2.
Prices of the imports from the countries concerned
4.3.2.1. Prices
|
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
Review Investigation period |
PRC |
2 081 |
1 994 |
2 036 |
1 985 |
Index |
100 |
96 |
98 |
95 |
Japan |
2 167 |
2 184 |
2 168 |
2 140 |
Index |
100 |
100 |
100 |
99 |
Korea |
2 032 |
2 051 |
2 022 |
1 996 |
Index |
100 |
101 |
100 |
98 |
Russia |
1 119 |
1 205 |
1 074 |
1 000 |
Index |
100 |
108 |
96 |
89 |
USA |
2 080 |
2 057 |
2 047 |
2 047 |
Index |
100 |
99 |
98 |
98 |
Average price of imports (per tonne) |
1 865 |
1 871 |
1 742 |
1 718 |
Index |
100 |
100 |
93 |
92 |
Source: Eurostat and cooperating exporting producers |
4.3.2.2. Price undercutting
4.4.
Imports from other third countries
Total of all third countries except the countries concerned |
|
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
Review Investigation period |
|
Volume (tonnes) |
30 000 -36 000 |
30 000 -36 000 |
34 000 -40 000 |
19 000 -25 000 |
|
Index |
100 |
101 |
117 |
62 |
|
Market share (%) |
10,2 -13,5 |
10,5 -13,8 |
12,7 -16,0 |
7,0 -10,5 |
|
Average price (EUR/tonne) |
1 409 |
1 217 |
1 260 |
1 294 |
|
Index |
100 |
86 |
89 |
92 |
Source: Eurostat |
4.5.
Economic situation of the Union industry
4.5.1.
General remarks
4.5.2.
Production, production capacity and capacity utilisation
|
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
Review Investigation period |
Production volume (tonnes) |
294 301 |
280 685 |
279 625 |
248 865 |
Index |
100 |
95 |
95 |
85 |
Production capacity (tonnes) |
351 000 |
351 000 |
331 000 |
331 000 |
Index |
100 |
100 |
94 |
94 |
Capacity utilisation (%) |
84 |
80 |
84 |
75 |
Index |
100 |
95 |
101 |
90 |
Source: Verified questionnaire replies |
4.5.3.
Sales volume and market share
|
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
Review Investigation period |
Total sales volume on the Union market to unrelated customers (tonnes) |
175 000 -190 000 |
174 000 -191 000 |
176 000 -191 000 |
170 000 -185 000 |
Index |
100 |
98 |
101 |
96 |
Market share (%) |
55,9 -62,6 |
60,0 -66,5 |
56,9 -63,5 |
61,0 -66,8 |
Index |
100 |
106 |
102 |
108 |
Source: Verified questionnaire replies and Eurostat. |
4.5.4.
Growth
4.5.5.
Employment and productivity
|
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
Review Investigation period |
Number of employees |
2 273 |
2 309 |
2 302 |
2 256 |
Index |
100 |
102 |
101 |
99 |
Productivity (tonnes/em-ployee) |
129,48 |
121,56 |
121,47 |
110,31 |
Index |
100 |
94 |
94 |
85 |
Source: Verified questionnaire replies |
4.5.6.
Magnitude of the dumping margin and recovery from past dumping
4.5.7.
Prices and factors affecting prices
|
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
Review Investigation period |
Average unit sales price in the Union on the total market (EUR/tonnes) |
1 452 |
1 492 |
1 501 |
1 427 |
Index |
100 |
103 |
103 |
98 |
Unit cost of production (EUR/tonnes) |
1 468 |
1 617 |
1 647 |
1 714 |
Index |
100 |
110 |
112 |
117 |
Source: Verified questionnaire replies |
4.5.8.
Labour costs
|
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
Review Investigation period |
Average labour costs per employee (EUR) |
42 375 |
43 384 |
47 219 |
46 362 |
Index |
100 |
102 |
111 |
109 |
Source: Verified questionnaire replies |
4.5.9.
Inventories
|
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
Review Investigation period |
Closing stocks (tonnes) |
21 803 |
19 308 |
24 768 |
16 370 |
Index |
100 |
89 |
114 |
75 |
Closing stocks as a percentage of production |
7,5 |
6,9 |
9 |
6,6 |
Index |
100 |
88 |
125 |
88 |
Source: Verified questionnaire replies |
4.5.10.
Profitability, cash flow, investments, return on investments and ability to raise capital
|
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
Review Investigation period |
Profitability (Loss) of sales in the Union to unrelated customers (% of sales turnover) |
-2,1 |
-8,4 |
-11,7 |
-18,6 |
Index |
- 100 |
- 395 |
- 548 |
- 874 |
Cash flow (EUR) |
26 938 994 |
-9 640 666 |
22 630 604 |
27 476 286 |
Index |
100 |
-36 |
84 |
102 |
Investments (EUR) |
21 144 151 |
24 000 854 |
38 265 803 |
27 991 903 |
Index |
100 |
114 |
181 |
132 |
Return on investments (%) |
-1,7 |
-3,1 |
-10,2 |
-14,4 |
Index |
- 100 |
- 183 |
- 607 |
- 860 |
Source: Verified questionnaire replies |
4.6.
Conclusion on injury
5.
LIKELIHOOD OF CONTINUATION AND/OR RECURRENCE OF INJURY IF THE MEASURES WERE REPEALED
5.1.
The spare capacity in the countries concerned and the attractiveness of the Union market
5.2.
Price levels of imports from the countries concerned should the measures lapse
5.3.
Impact of potential imports from the countries concerned on the Union industry’s situation should the measures lapse
5.4.
Conclusion on likelihood of a continuation and/or recurrence of injury
6.
UNION INTEREST
6.1.
Interest of the Union industry
6.2.
Interest of unrelated importers
6.3.
Interest of users
6.3.1.
Introduction
6.3.2.
Shortages in supply and differences in quality
6.3.3.
Competitiveness of the Union users of the product under review
6.3.4.
Conclusion on interest of users
6.4.
Other factors
6.5.
Conclusion on Union interest
7.
ANTI-DUMPING MEASURES
Article 1
Countries concerned |
Product range |
Minimum Import Price (EUR/tonne net product weight) |
People’s Republic of China, Japan, United States of America, Russian Federation, Republic of Korea |
Products with a maximum core loss not higher than 0,9 W/kg |
2 043 |
|
Products with a maximum core loss higher than 0,9 W/kg but not higher than 1,05 W/kg |
1 873 |
|
Products with a maximum core loss higher than 1,05 W/kg |
1 536 |
Company |
Ad Valorem Duty |
TARIC additional code |
Baoshan Iron Steel Co., Ltd, Shanghai; PRC |
21,5 % |
C039 |
Wuhan Iron Steel Co., Ltd, Wuhan, PRC |
36,6 % |
C056 |
JFE Steel Corporation, Tokyo, Japan |
39,0 % |
C040 |
Nippon Steel Sumitomo Metal Corporation, Tokyo, Japan |
35,9 % |
C041 |
POSCO, Seoul, Republic of Korea |
22,5 % |
C042 |
OJSC Novolipetsk Steel, Lipetsk; VIZ Steel, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation |
21,6 % |
C043 |
AK Steel Corporation, Ohio, United States of America |
22,0 % |
C044 |
Company |
Ad Valorem Duty |
TARIC additional code |
All other Chinese companies |
36,6 % |
C999 |
All other Japanese companies |
39,0 % |
C999 |
All other Korean companies |
22,5 % |
C999 |
All other Russian companies |
21,6 % |
C999 |
All other American companies |
22,0 % |
C999 |