COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) 2023/1618
of 8 August 2023
imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of tungsten carbide, fused tungsten carbide and tungsten carbide simply mixed with metallic powder originating in the People’s Republic of China following an expiry review pursuant to Article 11(2) of Regulation (EU) 2016/1036 of the European Parliament and of the Council
1.
PROCEDURE
1.1.
Previous investigations and measures in force
1.2.
Request for an expiry review
1.3.
Initiation of an expiry review
1.4.
Review investigation period and period considered
1.5.
Interested parties
1.6.
Comments on initiation
1.7.
Sampling
1.7.1.
Sampling of Union producers
1.7.2.
Sampling of importers
1.7.3.
Sampling of exporting producers in the PRC
1.8.
Replies to the questionnaire
1.9.
Verification
1.10.
Subsequent procedure
2.
PRODUCT UNDER REVIEW, PRODUCT CONCERNED AND LIKE PRODUCT
2.1.
Product under review
2.2.
Product concerned
2.3.
Like product
2.4.
Claims regarding product scope
3.
DUMPING
3.1.
Preliminary remarks
3.2.
Procedure for the determination of the normal value under Article 2(6a) of the basic Regulation for the imports of the product under review originating in the PRC
3.3.
Normal value
3.3.1.
Existence of significant distortions
3.3.2.
Representative country
3.3.2.1.
General remarks
3.3.2.2.
Conclusion
3.3.3.
Sources used to establish undistorted costs
3.3.3.1.
Undistorted costs and benchmarks
3.3.3.1.1. Factors of production
Factor of Production |
Commodity Code in Türkiye |
Undistorted value (RMB) |
Unit of measurement |
Raw materials |
|||
Ammonium paratungstate |
2841 8010 |
219,12 |
kg |
Labour |
|||
Labour cost per man-hour |
N/A |
34,88 |
Hour |
Energy |
|||
Electricity |
N/A |
0,50 |
kWh |
Gas |
N/A |
1,61 |
m3 |
3.3.3.1.2. Raw materials
3.3.3.1.3. Labour
3.3.3.1.4. Energy
3.3.3.1.5. Manufacturing overhead costs, SG&A, profits and depreciation
3.3.3.2.
Calculation of the normal value
3.4.
Export price
3.5.
Comparison
3.6.
Dumping margin
4.
LIKELIHOOD OF CONTINUATION OF DUMPING
4.1.
Production capacity and spare capacity in the PRC
4.2.
Tungsten ore reserves and export tax on tungsten concentrate
4.3.
Attractiveness of the Union market and export prices to third countries
4.4.
Conclusion
5.
INJURY
5.1.
Definition of the Union industry and Union production
5.2.
Union consumption
|
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
Review investigation period |
||
Total Union consumption |
[14 875 -18 465 ] |
[11 439 -14 200 ] |
[10 586 -13 141 ] |
[14 458 -17 948 ] |
||
Index |
100 |
77 |
71 |
97 |
||
|
5.2.1.
Captive consumption
|
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
Review investigation period |
||
Captive consumption |
[1 417 -1 759 ] |
[1 154 -1 433 ] |
[1 189 -1 476 ] |
[1 321 -1 639 ] |
||
Index |
100 |
81 |
84 |
93 |
||
|
5.2.2.
Free market consumption
|
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
Review investigation period |
||
Free market |
15 468 |
11 822 |
10 800 |
15 101 |
||
Index |
100 |
76 |
70 |
98 |
||
|
5.3.
Imports from the country concerned
5.3.1.
Volume and market share of the imports from the country concerned
|
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
Review investigation period |
||
Volume of imports from China (tonnes) |
718 |
462 |
294 |
336 |
||
Index |
100 |
64 |
41 |
47 |
||
Market share (%) |
4,6 |
3,9 |
2,7 |
2,2 |
||
Index |
100 |
85 |
55 |
45 |
||
|
5.3.2.
Import regimes
|
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
Review investigation period |
||
Normal import regime |
||||||
Volume of imports from China (tonnes) |
33 |
16 |
33 |
38 |
||
Index |
100 |
50 |
100 |
116 |
||
Market share (%) |
0,2 |
0,1 |
0,3 |
0,3 |
||
Index |
100 |
65 |
146 |
120 |
||
IPP |
||||||
Volume of imports from China (tonnes) |
685 |
446 |
261 |
298 |
||
Index |
100 |
65 |
38 |
44 |
||
Market share (%) |
4,4 |
3,7 |
2,4 |
2,0 |
||
Index |
100 |
85 |
55 |
45 |
||
|
5.3.3.
Prices of the imports from the country concerned and price undercutting
|
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
Review investigation period |
||
Weighted average of Chinese import prices |
36 957 |
36 159 |
32 086 |
30 864 |
||
Index |
100 |
98 |
87 |
84 |
||
|
5.4.
Imports from third countries other than the PRC
Country |
|
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
Review investigation period |
||
USA |
Volume (tonnes) |
1 042 |
659 |
304 |
429 |
||
Index |
100 |
63 |
29 |
41 |
|||
Market share (%) |
6,7 |
5,6 |
2,8 |
2,8 |
|||
Index |
100 |
83 |
42 |
42 |
|||
Average price (EUR/tonne) |
34 843 |
41 222 |
41 990 |
40 099 |
|||
Index |
100 |
118 |
121 |
115 |
|||
South Korea |
Volume (tonnes) |
288 |
228 |
231 |
280 |
||
Index |
100 |
79 |
80 |
97 |
|||
Market share (%) |
1,9 |
1,9 |
2,1 |
1,9 |
|||
Index |
100 |
100 |
115 |
100 |
|||
Average price (EUR/tonne) |
40 857 |
37 445 |
31 415 |
35 076 |
|||
Index |
100 |
92 |
77 |
86 |
|||
India |
Volume (tonnes) |
161 |
213 |
225 |
250 |
||
Index |
100 |
132 |
100 |
95 |
|||
Market share (%) |
1,0 |
1,8 |
2,1 |
1,7 |
|||
Index |
100 |
173 |
200 |
159 |
|||
Average price (EUR/tonne) |
26 562 |
27 834 |
28 347 |
25 921 |
|||
Index |
100 |
105 |
107 |
98 |
|||
Others (excluding China) |
Volume (tonnes) |
877 |
578 |
564 |
573 |
||
Index |
100 |
66 |
64 |
65 |
|||
Market share (%) |
5,7 |
4,9 |
5,2 |
3,8 |
|||
Index |
100 |
86 |
92 |
67 |
|||
Average price (EUR/tonne) |
33 468 |
34 748 |
29 423 |
30 627 |
|||
Index |
100 |
104 |
88 |
92 |
|||
Total of all third countries except China |
Volume (tonnes) |
2 368 |
1 678 |
1 323 |
1 531 |
||
Index |
100 |
71 |
56 |
65 |
|||
Market share (%) |
15,3 |
14,2 |
12,3 |
10,1 |
|||
Index |
100 |
93 |
80 |
66 |
|||
Average price (EUR/tonne) |
34 501 |
36 777 |
32 473 |
33 323 |
|||
Index |
100 |
107 |
94 |
97 |
|||
|
5.5.
Economic situation of the Union industry
5.5.1.
General remarks
5.5.2.
Macroeconomic indicators
5.5.2.1.
Production, production capacity and capacity utilisation
|
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
Review investigation period |
||
Production volume (tonnes) |
17 980 |
13 470 |
11 976 |
17 026 |
||
Index |
100 |
75 |
67 |
95 |
||
Production capacity (tonnes) |
22 850 |
22 850 |
22 845 |
23 215 |
||
Index |
100 |
100 |
100 |
102 |
||
Capacity utilisation (%) |
79 |
59 |
52 |
73 |
||
Index |
100 |
75 |
67 |
93 |
||
|
5.5.2.2.
Sales volume and market share
|
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
Review investigation period |
||
Union industry sales volume on Union market (tonnes) |
12 383 |
9 681 |
9 183 |
13 234 |
||
Index |
100 |
78 |
74 |
107 |
||
Market share (%) |
80,1 |
81,9 |
85,0 |
87,6 |
||
Index |
100 |
102 |
106 |
109 |
||
|
5.5.2.3.
Growth
5.5.2.4.
Employment and productivity
|
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
Review investigation period |
||
Number of employees (FTE) |
984 |
987 |
987 |
1 015 |
||
Index |
100 |
100 |
100 |
103 |
||
Productivity (tonnes/employee) |
18 |
14 |
12 |
17 |
||
Index |
100 |
75 |
66 |
92 |
||
|
5.5.2.5.
Magnitude of the dumping margin and recovery from past dumping
5.5.3.
Microeconomic indicators
5.5.3.1.
Prices and factors affecting prices
|
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
Review investigation period |
||
Weighted average unit sales price in the Union |
34 663 |
31 560 |
28 933 |
30 015 |
||
Index |
100 |
91 |
83 |
87 |
||
Unit cost of production |
29 172 |
29 692 |
26 787 |
26 862 |
||
Index |
100 |
102 |
92 |
92 |
||
|
|
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
Review investigation period |
||
Weighted average unit sales price in the Union under normal agreements |
[29 188 – 42 160 ] |
[28 441 – 41 081 ] |
[24 928 – 36 007 ] |
[26 808 – 38 722 ] |
||
Index |
100 |
97 |
85 |
92 |
||
Unit cost of production under normal agreements |
[25 996 – 37 550 ] |
[28 339 – 40 935 ] |
[24 193 – 34 946 ] |
[24 080 – 34 783 ] |
||
Index |
100 |
109 |
93 |
93 |
||
|
5.5.3.2.
Labour costs
|
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
Review investigation period |
||
Average labour costs per employee (EUR) |
80 168 |
82 390 |
75 923 |
83 832 |
||
Index |
100 |
103 |
95 |
105 |
||
|
5.5.3.3.
Inventories
|
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
Review investigation period |
||
Closing stocks (tonnes) |
922 |
740 |
1 009 |
1 049 |
||
Index |
100 |
80 |
109 |
114 |
||
Closing stocks as a percentage of production (%) |
5 |
5 |
8 |
6 |
||
Index |
100 |
107 |
164 |
120 |
||
|
5.5.3.4.
Profitability, cash flow, investments, return on investments and ability to raise capital
|
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
Review investigation period |
||
Profitability of sales in the Union to unrelated customers (% of sales turnover) |
11,5 |
6,5 |
2,0 |
7,7 |
||
Index |
100 |
56 |
17 |
67 |
||
Cash flow (EUR) |
42 601 601 |
36 752 500 |
14 507 327 |
36 754 191 |
||
Index |
100 |
92 |
59 |
79 |
||
Investments (EUR) |
13 364 299 |
12 282 221 |
7 843 646 |
10 537 497 |
||
Index |
100 |
92 |
59 |
79 |
||
Return on investments (%) |
65 |
22 |
9 |
38 |
||
Index |
100 |
34 |
14 |
59 |
||
|