COMMISSION DECISION (EU) 2023/105
of 26 July 2022
on the measures SA.33960 2012/C (ex 2012/NN) implemented by the French Republic in favour of the successive managers of Beauvais-Tillé airport and the airlines operating there
(notified under document C(2022) 5076)
(Only the French text is authentic)
(Text with EEA relevance)
1.
PROCEDURE
2.
BACKGROUND TO THE AID
2.1.
Characteristics of Beauvais airport
|
Passengers |
Ryanair share |
Blue Air share |
Wizz Air share |
1997 |
207 000 |
127 453 (62 %) |
|
|
1998 |
260 000 |
194 211 (75 %) |
|
|
1999 |
387 000 |
315 771 (81,5 %) |
|
|
2000 |
387 229 |
346 551 (89 %) |
|
|
2001 |
422 972 |
371 376 (87 %) |
|
|
2002 |
677 857 |
459 572 (68 %) |
|
|
2003 |
969 445 |
806 383 (83 %) |
|
|
2004 |
1 427 595 |
1 292 368 (91 %) |
|
40 919 |
2005 |
1 848 484 |
1 528 405 (83 %) |
4 023 |
162 465 |
2006 |
1 887 971 |
1 626 279 (86 %) |
28 947 |
148 861 |
2007 |
2 155 633 |
1 907 662 (88,5 %) |
69 795 |
138 256 |
2008 |
2 484 635 |
2 212 165 (89 %) |
81 072 |
178 340 |
2009 |
2 591 864 |
2 210 078 (85 %) |
79 414 |
300 088 |
2010 |
2 931 796 |
2 465 476 (84 %) |
84 660 |
377 812 |
2011 |
3 677 794 |
3 185 327 (87 %) |
90 083 |
401 370 |
2.2.
Operators of Beauvais airport
2.2.1.
Management of the airport by Oise CCI (1960 - 31.5.2008)
|
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
Bus revenue |
459 |
657 |
1 295 |
1 403 |
1 749 |
3 546 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ryanair revenue |
n/a |
n/a |
n/a |
n/a |
706 |
848 |
Total revenue |
2 566 |
2 892 |
4 153 |
4 199 |
5 264 |
13 109 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payments to Ryanair |
n/a |
n/a |
n/a |
n/a |
462 |
534 |
Total expenditure |
2 417 |
3 413 |
3 631 |
4 675 |
5 704 |
13 069 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
149 |
- 521 |
522 |
- 475 |
- 440 |
40 |
Net fixed assets |
2 679 |
3 146 |
27 126 |
2 595 |
2 550 |
2 887 |
Balance sheet total |
3 121 |
3 933 |
3 301 |
3 411 |
3 808 |
8 163 |
|
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 (12) |
Bus revenue |
5 341 |
8 007 |
12 840 |
11 845 |
12 936 |
5 858 |
Ryanair revenue |
1 502 |
2 379 |
2 777 |
2 904 |
3 425 |
1 643 |
Total revenue |
16 915 |
18 934 |
26 982 |
30 525 |
33 264 |
17 933 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payments to Ryanair |
834 |
1 146 |
1 272 |
1 348 |
1 558 |
765 |
Bus expenditure |
|
|
6 078 |
6 210 |
6 403 |
2 821 |
Total expenditure |
13 874 |
22 414 |
26 179 |
28 731 |
29 928 |
17 950 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
3 042 |
-3 480 |
803 |
1 794 |
3 335 |
-17 |
Net fixed assets |
5 198 |
8 017 |
10 833 |
14 448 |
15 425 |
150 |
Balance sheet total |
9 353 |
15 283 |
18 234 |
31 585 |
33 560 |
16 374 |
2.2.2.
Management of the airport by SAGEB (since 1.6.2008)
Owner |
Period |
Operator |
Type of contract |
Date of contract |
State |
1.1.1993-4.5.2002 |
CCI Oise |
AOT |
Prefectoral order of 1.10.1997 |
4.5.2002-29.2.2008 |
CCI Oise |
Concession agreement |
30.1.2002 |
|
SMABT |
1.3.2008-1.6.2008 |
CCI Oise |
||
1.6.2008-31.5.2023 |
SAGEB |
PSD agreement |
19.3.2008 |
3.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE MEASURES
3.1.
Financial support to Beauvais airport
3.1.1.
Contractual framework for the grants made to Beauvais airport
3.1.1.1.
The temporary authorisation to occupy the public domain (1.1.1993-3.5.2002)
3.1.1.2.
The Beauvais airport concession agreement (4.5.2002-31.5.2008)
3.1.1.3.
The public service delegation agreement (1 June 2008-2023)
3.1.2.
The investment grants
3.1.2.1.
The 2001-2006 investment programme (‘programme 1’)
Type of investment |
Estimated amounts |
Revised estimates (2005) |
Final amounts of investment |
||||||||
West concourse (departures):
|
1 687 153 |
2 600 000 |
2 608 000 |
||||||||
East concourse (arrivals)
|
228 674 |
160 000 |
164 000 |
||||||||
Terminal modernisation |
762 250 |
600 000 |
649 000 |
||||||||
Safety and security equipment:
|
914 690 |
900 000 |
922 000 |
||||||||
Access roads and utility services
|
762 245 |
873 480 |
1 238 000 463 467 |
||||||||
Miscellaneous works |
304 900 |
0 |
0 |
||||||||
Environmental studies and works |
533 570 |
60 000 |
62 000 |
||||||||
Fees |
623 210 |
623 210 |
744 000 |
||||||||
Modernisation of operating equipment: Screening check points |
1 048 310 |
1 048 310 |
|
||||||||
TOTAL |
6 865 000 |
6 865 000 |
7 650 000 |
3.1.2.2.
The 2006-2007 investment programme (‘programme 2’)
Type of investment |
Estimated amounts of investment |
Final amounts of investment |
||||
Terminal extension |
1 202 039 |
1 327 749 |
||||
Security fencing |
151 653 |
165 805 |
||||
Upgrading of aircraft stands and taxiway |
1 410 000 |
1 408 739 |
||||
Renovation of hangars and runways |
300 000 |
231 542 |
||||
Passenger flow separation corridor |
237 451 |
176 590 |
||||
Staff car park complying with the Water Act |
215 079 |
227 611 |
||||
Car rental base |
110 000 |
1 735 |
||||
Land acquisitions ILS |
150 000 |
61 540 |
||||
Indoor and outdoor signage |
50 000 |
10 510 |
||||
Porte Maillot passenger reception area |
189 873 |
213 548 |
||||
Compliance with the Water Act |
870 000 |
46 141 |
||||
Upgrading ground marking |
75 000 |
0 |
||||
ILS studies |
150 000 |
139 803 |
||||
Modernisation of public access roads |
1 350 000 |
1 053 861 |
||||
Administrative offices |
890 000 |
944 557 |
||||
Heating upgrade |
80 000 |
0 |
||||
Terminal 2 studies |
0 |
188 188 |
||||
Fees and contingencies |
500 000 |
745 123 |
||||
Modernisation of operating equipment:
|
1 568 905 |
2 178 477 52 670 86 085 |
||||
TOTAL |
9 500 000 |
9 121 527 |
3.1.2.3.
The 2008-2023 investment programme (‘programme 3’)
Type of investment |
Initial estimated amounts |
Amounts executed at 31 December 2018 |
Revised estimates to be executed |
Construction Terminal T2 |
11,9 |
9,7 |
0,01 |
Upgrade Terminal T1 |
1,6 |
5 |
0,07 |
Establishment of ILS category III programme |
13,6 |
14,4 |
0 |
Additional aeronautical infrastructure |
3,3 |
4,2 |
0,2 |
Parking and commercial facilities |
5,4 |
9,1 |
0,03 |
Environmental investment |
2,9 |
1,6 |
0 |
Installation maintenance |
8,5 |
3,3 |
0,12 |
Transfer of general aviation installations |
0,7 |
1,5 |
0,04 |
Acquisition of safety and security equipment |
10,2 |
8,7 |
2,1 |
Ground handling equipment and furniture |
7,1 |
1,8 |
0,9 |
IT equipment |
3 |
2,6 |
1,8 |
TOTAL |
68,2 |
61,9 |
67,2 |
3.1.3.
Operating subsidies
3.1.3.1.
Direct payments
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
TOTAL |
84 845,10 |
15 245 |
0 |
7 834,49 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
107 924,59 |
3.1.3.2.
Cash advances
Year |
Cash advance made for the year concerned |
Cumulative amount |
1995 |
n/a |
2 412 922,70 |
1996 |
888 508,49 |
3 301 431,19 |
1997 |
- 394 036,04 |
2 907 395,15 |
1998 |
323 559,53 |
3 230 954,68 |
1999 |
- 838 477,75 |
2 392 476,93 |
2000 |
- 176 603,94 |
2 215 872,99 |
2001 |
73 514,73 |
2 289 387,72 |
2002 |
142 970,85 |
2 432 358,57 |
2003 |
-2 198 307,33 |
234 051,24 |
2004 |
327 698,17 |
561 749,41 |
2005 |
- 561 749,41 |
0 |
3.1.3.3.
Partial exemption from funding the tourism development plan
3.2.
Measures in favour of the airlines
Contract code |
Airline |
Airport operator |
Contract type |
Date signed |
Date in force |
Duration |
Ryanair |
||||||
RYAN1 |
Ryanair |
Oise CCI |
Letters |
8.9.1998 |
1.1.1999 |
5 years |
RYAN2 |
Ryanair |
Oise CCI |
Letters |
16.3.2001 |
Not specified |
Not specified |
RYAN3 |
Ryanair |
Oise CCI |
Letters |
12.2.2002 |
Not specified |
10 years |
RYAN4 |
Ryanair |
SAGEB |
Letters |
4.2.2010 and 5.2.2010 |
1.5.2010 |
7 months |
RYAN5 |
Ryanair |
SAGEB |
Letters |
27.7.2010 |
1.1.2011 |
1 year |
Wizz Air |
||||||
WIZZ1 |
Wizz Air |
Oise CCI |
Contract (IATA ground handling agreement) |
11.6.2004 |
11.6.2004 |
5 years |
WIZZ2 |
Wizz Air |
Oise CCI |
Contract (IATA ground handling agreement) |
1.7.2005 |
1.7.2005 |
3 years and 8 months |
WIZZ3 |
Wizz Air |
SAGEB |
Contract (‘Investment’ agreement and IATA ground handling agreement) |
1.6.2009 |
1.6.2009 |
5 years |
Other airlines |
||||||
GOOD1 |
Goodjet |
Oise CCI |
Contract (one-off) |
14.12.2001 |
14.12.2001 |
7 years |
CIAO1 |
Ciaofly |
Oise CCI |
Contract (one-off) |
24.4.2002 |
24.4.2002 |
7 years |
BERL1 |
Berlin Jet |
Oise CCI |
Contract (one-off) |
30.1.2003 |
30.1.2003 |
5 years |
VOLA1 |
Volare |
Oise CCI |
Contract (one-off) |
13.2.2003 |
13.2.2003 |
5 years |
STER1 |
Sterling |
Oise CCI |
Contract (IATA ground handling agreement) |
15.7.2004 |
31.3.2004 |
5 years |
NORW1 |
Norwegian Air Shuttle |
Oise CCI |
Contract (IATA ground handling agreement) |
7.4.2005 |
31.3.2004 |
5 years |
AIRH1 |
Air Horizons |
Oise CCI |
Contract (one-off) |
12.7.2004 |
18.7.2004 |
1 year |
AIRP1 |
Air Polonia |
Oise CCI |
Contract (one-off) |
20.10.2004 |
20.10.2004 |
5 years |
BLUE1 |
Blue Air |
Oise CCI |
Contract (IATA ground handling agreement) |
11.10.2005 |
11.10.2005 |
1 year |
BLUE2 |
Blue Air |
Oise CCI |
Contract (one-off) |
28.8.2007 |
26.3.2007 |
8 months |
FLYM1 |
Flyme |
Oise CCI |
Contract (IATA ground handling agreement) |
30.3.2006 |
31.3.2006 |
5 years |
CENT1 |
Centralwings |
Oise CCI |
Contract (IATA ground handling agreement) |
18.2.2007 |
19.2.2007 |
1 year |
Contract code |
Key features of the contracts |
||||||||||
Ryanair |
|||||||||||
RYAN1 |
This contract provided for the operation of two routes from Beauvais on the following terms:
|
||||||||||
RYAN2 |
|
||||||||||
RYAN3 |
This contract replaced the RYAN1 and RYAN2 contracts. It set the terms under which Ryanair operated its air services as follows:
This contract remained valid until 4 February 2010 on the terms established for 2004. |
||||||||||
RYAN4 |
This contract amended contract RYAN3 by adding the following elements: Ryanair undertook to operate 10 additional weekly turnarounds on new routes. In exchange the airport manager paid a financial contribution to Ryanair of EUR 1,5 per departing passenger on the new routes. |
||||||||||
RYAN5 |
This contract amended contract RYAN4. Under this contract, SAGEB undertook to pay Ryanair a financial contribution of EUR 2 per departing passenger for each additional passenger carried in 2011 compared with the number of passengers carried by Ryanair in 2010. In exchange, Ryanair undertook to operate 26 additional turnarounds per week. |
||||||||||
Wizz Air |
|||||||||||
WIZZ1 |
In this contract, the landing fees were set for Wizz Air as follows:
The airport manager undertook to pay the airline, for the first 4 years of the contract, a financial contribution in accordance with the number of departing passengers in an amount of one euro per departing passenger, capped at EUR 40 000 , 30 000 , 20 000 and 10 000 respectively in the first, second, third and fourth years. The contract included other optional services such as cleaning the aircraft. The airline was exempt from departing passenger fees. |
||||||||||
WIZZ2 |
This contract amended WIZZ1. The landing fee was now set at EUR 425 for all turnarounds. The financial contribution paid by the airport manager was set at EUR 0,75 per departing passenger. |
||||||||||
WIZZ3 |
The landing fees were set as follows:
The airline was exempt from departing passenger fees. The airport operator undertook to pay the airline a financial contribution per departing passenger of EUR 0,375 for between 0 and 20 weekly turnarounds, EUR 1,375 for between 21 and 26 weekly turnarounds, EUR 1,725 for between 27 and 32 weekly turnarounds and EUR 1,925 above that. The contract included other optional services such as cleaning the aircraft. |
||||||||||
Other airlines |
|||||||||||
GOOD1 |
This contract established a schedule of 24 weekly turnarounds. The landing fee was set at FRF 4 000 (EUR 609,8) and the airline was exempt from the departing passenger fee. |
||||||||||
CIAO1 |
This contract set a landing fee of EUR 305 and exempted the airline from the departing passenger fee. |
||||||||||
BERL1 |
This contract provided for one weekly turnaround. The landing fee was set at EUR 500 and the airline was exempt from the departing passenger fee. |
||||||||||
VOLA1 |
This contract provided for five daily turnarounds. The landing fee was set at EUR 450 and the departing passenger fee at EUR 2,13. The airport manager undertook to provide financial support for launching routes of up to EUR 100 000 per route. |
||||||||||
STER1 |
This contract set the landing fee at EUR 576 for up to 3 weekly turnarounds, EUR 540 for between 4 and 6 weekly turnarounds and EUR 500 for more than 7 weekly turnarounds. The airline was exempt from departing passenger fees. The contract included other optional services such as cleaning the aircraft. |
||||||||||
NORW1 |
This contract set the landing fee at EUR 500 for up to 6 weekly turnarounds and EUR 400 for more than 7 weekly turnarounds. The airline was exempt from departing passenger fees. The contract included other optional services such as cleaning the aircraft. |
||||||||||
AIRH1 |
This contract established a schedule of 5 weekly turnarounds. The landing fee was set at EUR 147,38 and the departing passenger fee at EUR 2,89. The airport manager undertook to pay the airline a financial contribution of EUR 0,5 per departing passenger. The contract also included optional services such as cleaning the aircraft and other services. |
||||||||||
AIRP1 |
This contract provided for one turnaround a day. The landing fee was set at EUR 192,88 and the departing passenger fee at EUR 2,89. The contract also included optional services such as cleaning the aircraft. |
||||||||||
BLUE1 |
This contract set the landing fee at EUR 600 and waived the departing passenger fee for the airline. |
||||||||||
BLUE2 |
This contract amended BLUE1 in respect of the amount of the landing fees, now set at EUR 450. |
||||||||||
FLYM1 |
This contract provided for a minimum of 4 weekly turnarounds. The landing fees were set at EUR 600 for type B737-300 aircraft (136 seats) and EUR 550 for type B737-500 aircraft (125 seats). The airline was exempt from the departing passenger fee. |
||||||||||
CENT1 |
This contract set the landing fee at EUR 500 for up to 3 weekly turnarounds, EUR 450 for between 4 and 7 weekly turnarounds and EUR 400 for more than 7 weekly turnarounds. The airline was exempt from departing passenger fees. The airport manager undertook to pay the airline a financial contribution of EUR 0,75 per departing passenger for the first 6 months, and EUR 0,50 for the last 6 months. |
4.
GROUNDS FOR INITIATING THE FORMAL INVESTIGATION PROCEDURE
4.1.
Financial support to the successive operators of Beauvais airport
4.2.
Measures in favour of the airlines
5.
COMMENTS BY FRANCE
5.1.
Financial support to Beauvais airport
5.1.1.
Investment aid
5.1.1.1.
The funding of activities under the remit of the public authorities
5.1.1.2.
Compatibility of the investment aid with the internal market
5.1.2.
Operating aid
5.2.
Measures in favour of the airlines
6.
COMMENTS BY INTERESTED PARTIES
6.1.
Comments by interested parties on the application of the 2014 Guidelines to the case at hand
6.1.1.
Joint comments from Oise CCI, SMABT and SAGEB
6.1.2.
Comments by Air France
6.2.
Joint comments from Oise CCI, SMABT and SAGEB
6.2.1.
Financial support to Beauvais airport
6.2.2.
Financial support to the airlines
6.3.
Comments by the airline Ryanair
6.4.
Comments by the airline Wizz Air
7.
COMMENTS BY FRANCE ON THE INTERESTED PARTIES’ COMMENTS
8.
ASSESSMENT OF THE MEASURES
8.1.
Financial support to Oise CCI and SAGEB
8.1.1.
Existence of aid within the meaning of Article 107(1) TFEU
8.1.1.1.
Investment grants
8.1.1.2.
Operating subsidies
8.1.1.3.
Conclusion on the existence of aid
8.1.2.
Lawfulness of the aid
8.1.3.
Compatibility of the aid with the internal market
8.1.3.1.
Investment aid
|
State-remit investments |
Investments falling under Section 4.1 |
Other investments |
||
West concourse (departures) |
|
2 608 000 |
|
||
East concourse (arrivals) |
|
164 000 |
|
||
Terminal modernisation |
|
649 000 |
|
||
Safety and security equipment |
922 000 |
|
|
||
Access roads and utility services Including car park |
|
774 533 |
463 467 |
||
Environmental studies and works |
|
62 000 |
|
||
Fees (117) |
55 669 |
688 223 |
|
||
Modernisation of operating equipment:
|
133 000 |
1 131 000 |
|
||
Total |
1 110 669 |
6 076 756 |
463 467 |
|
State |
Investments falling under Section 4.1 |
Other investments |
||||||||
Terminal extension |
|
1 327 749 |
|
||||||||
Security fencing |
165 805 |
|
|
||||||||
Upgrading of aircraft stands and taxiway |
|
1 408 739 |
|
||||||||
Renovation of hangars and runways |
|
231 542 |
|
||||||||
Passenger flow separation corridor |
176 590 |
|
|
||||||||
Staff car park complying with the Water Act |
|
227 611 |
|
||||||||
Car rental base |
|
|
1 735 |
||||||||
Land acquisitions ILS |
|
61 540 |
|
||||||||
Indoor and outdoor signage |
|
10 510 |
|
||||||||
Porte Maillot passenger reception area |
|
|
213 548 |
||||||||
Compliance with the Water Act |
|
46 141 |
|
||||||||
ILS studies |
|
139 803 |
|
||||||||
Modernisation of public access roads |
|
1 053 861 |
|
||||||||
Administrative offices |
|
944 557 |
|
||||||||
Terminal 2 studies |
|
188 188 |
|
||||||||
Fees and contingencies(119) |
86 085 |
659 038 |
|
||||||||
Modernisation of operating equipment, of which:
|
|
2 039 000 |
|
||||||||
Total |
567 782 |
8 338 279 |
215 283 |